Abstract
Hydrothermal processing was used to produce colloidal monoclinic zirconia suspensions from zirconium carboxylate solutions. The colloidal suspensions exhibit high stability with respect to aggregation and films can be obtained by solvent evaporation. The as-prepared films yield dense monoclinic zirconia ceramics with average grain sizes of 60 nm after firing at a temperature of 1100°C. The distribution of colloidal zirconia particles in aqueous suspension was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering. The scattering curves showed a broad peak, the position of which shifted to higher angles with increasing particle volume fraction. The average interparticle distance was estimated using this interference peak position. Sintering of the colloidal films was monitored by dilatometry, scanning electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering.
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