Fillers impacting follicles: the emerging complication of filler-induced alopecia.

Abstract

Filler-induced alopecia is a transient alopecia characterized by localized hair loss and often attributed to vascular compromise following dermal filler injections in facial regions. Although an uncommon phenomenon, the rising incidence of filler-induced alopecia underscores the importance of understanding and managing this condition. We performed an extensive PubMed review of articles reporting filler-induced alopecia and summarizing the implicated filler types, injection areas, hair loss patterns, symptom onset, course progression, treatments, and prognosis. Hyaluronic acid injections were the most implicated in filler-induced alopecia cases, with calcium hydroxylapatite and autologous fat less frequently associated. No cases involved other dermal filler types. Although recovery times varied depending on the treatment, hyaluronidase (HAase) injections rapidly restored near-normal hair density within 3-4 months. Minoxidil and platelet-rich plasma play a more minor role in restoring hair growth but may be used as adjuncts with HAase to facilitate hair growth. Finally, alternative interventions like intralesional triamcinolone, warm compresses, and nitroglycerin warrant exploration, given limited robust clinical data. Our study promotes awareness of filler-induced alopecia's rising incidence and offers practical insights and evidence-based recommendations for effective management. By equipping dermatologists with this knowledge, our aim is to improve patient outcomes and reduce adverse events in filler-based procedures.