Abstract
The recent increase in ailments has increased the demand for diagnosis and surgery based on X-rays. An X-ray system using a filament-type tube heats the filament for operation, and the electrons emitted by the thermal energy during this process produce X-rays. Conventionally, current control-based methods are used to regulate heating. However, these methods do not control the temperature of the filament, resulting in lower or higher output than the desired dose rate. Therefore, we propose a filament temperature control method that enables constant temperature control, which cannot be achieved using the existing heating method for X-ray systems with filament tubes. Additionally, we developed an indirect temperature estimation algorithm for the tungsten filament to incorporate the proposed method. To validate the tube current control through temperature control, we performed experiments to compare the existing current-controlled heating and temperature control methods in terms of the filament temperature. As the tube current is proportional to the dose rate, it was measured through a comparative analysis of the change in the output of dose rate over time. The obtained results validate that the proposed method can maintain both the filament temperature and tube current at the desired level.
Highlights
Images or videos obtained through X-ray equipment are used to diagnose or operate on the affected areas of a patient
To reduce the variations and maintain a constant level of tube current during the operation of an X-ray system, we propose a temperature control method based on a filament temperature estimation method
We developed an indirect temperature estimation algorithm based on the change in electrical resistance of tungsten
Summary
Images or videos obtained through X-ray equipment are used to diagnose or operate on the affected areas of a patient. The image acquisition procedure of the X-ray equipment comprises the following steps [1]: 1. The filament is heated at a high temperature, and thermal electrons are emitted into a vacuum [2]. 2. The emitted electrons are accelerated to an anode, generating a tube current that flows through the vacuum tube. 3. The accelerated electrons are converted into X-rays after their collision with the anode. 4. Certain generated X-rays pass through the patient and reach the detector [3,4]. 5. An image is obtained after the photons that reach the detector undergo image processing
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