Figurativeness in the Sense of Distraction (Studies by Lithuanian Authors)

Research task. The purpose of the study is to consider artistic creativity in philosophical thought, to determine its features, its role in human life. For this, it is necessary to analyze the philosophical heritage of thinkers of antiquity, to determine the features of the aesthetic views of philosophers of the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Modern Age, German classical philosophy, the ideas of non-classical philosophy regarding the understanding of artistic creativity and modern aesthetic and art historical ideas. It is important to understand the aesthetic and artistic experience of the past and present, basic values, aesthetic categories, various types and genres of art. Main material presentation. In the process of artistic comprehension of the world, a person learns and transforms reality according to the laws of beauty. The development of perception, imagination, understanding of beauty in nature, the development of creative abilities for artistic creativity, and appreciation of art are components of the aesthetic development of the personality. The properties of works of art and their impact on humans are considered through the concept of beauty. The main means of aesthetic development of the individual is artistic creativity, the result of which is new artistic values. Each historical era embodies the characteristic stylistic features of various types of art. In artistic creativity, self-expression of the individual occurs. With the help of artistic means, such as color, sound, form, the artist's creative idea is embodied in a work of art. Artistic creativity is the highest form of human aesthetic activity. It contributes to the aesthetic development and formation of the spiritual and moral values of the individual. As a productive human activity, artistic creativity will always require individuality, because it is in works of art that the individuality of the author-artist is revealed. Conclusions. In the process of artistic creativity, the artist creates aesthetic value in the form of a work of art. The practical activity of the artist is combined with the creative mental activity of the person who masters the work of art. Thanks to artistic creativity, the spiritual world of a person is improved, he develops an interest in creative activity, and relationships with other people are harmonized. Artistic creativity is a tool for cognition and transformation of reality, the result of which are works of art. A work of art as an object of perception by other people embodies not only the artistic material realized, generalized and reflected by the artist, but also the level of aesthetic development of the artist, and also contributes to the development of aesthetic taste, experiences, and values of the subject of perception. In artistic creativity, a person not only changes the world around him, but also develops himself - studies the types, genres, stylistic features of art, realizes aesthetic and spiritual and moral values.

Dramatic alterations to the natural environment due to human activity have produced a permanent rupture in the Earth system; the relative stable epoch of the Holocene has given way to a volatile Anthropocene. Acceptance of these claims means that we now live in this altered physical reality, inviting us to rethink how we conceptualise disasters. Yet, disaster scholars have been hesitant to apply the Anthropocene label and to acknowledge the profound changes that it can bring to the study of disasters. This paper queries whether this label is a necessary adage or unnecessary baggage for disaster studies by examining the possibilities and the challenges associated with engaging with the Anthropocene. An analysis of the concepts, causes, and consequences of disasters reveals how the Anthropocene provides, as the very least, a theoretical heuristic for challenging linear temporal assumptions, the epistemological status of uncertainty, and the location of agency in disaster studies.

Optimization land use based on multi-scenario simulation of ecosystem service for sustainable landscape planning in a mixed urban - Forest watershed

Our traditional Western worldview is often unconsciously based on a polarized, dichotomous perspective. However, many of Jung's ideas hint at a deep interrelation between opposites, such as inside and outside, which are, as the principle of synchronicity shows, rooted in a conceptualization of psyche and matter conceived as intertwined. Another pair of philosophical concepts, traditionally considered as opposites, needs further investigation: that between imagination and reality. If we are lucky in our daily practice as analysts, we can use imagination as a powerful tool to help people discover themselves as individuals and to get in deeper, more lively and responsible touch with reality. This paper explores the difference that Jung outlined between 'active imagination' and 'passive fantasies', and the transformative power of taking an active part in what imaginatively happens - he called it 'active participation' - rather than being passively overwhelmed by invasive fantasies. It is argued that it makes a great difference whether we become the actors and not just the spectators of our lives, and this is linked with the core of the individuation process in which, if individuals discover their particular place and meaning in the universe, they can live an 'active life', playing a heartfelt and responsible role in the collective world to which they belong. These ideas are at the heart of Jung's work, and they represent one of the roots of Jungian social activism.

Natural forest ecosystems have long been, and continue to be greatly influenced by human activities, particularly through tree harvest, development and conversion of land for agriculture, suppression of natural disturbances such as fire, and environmental pollution (e.g., Carey, 2003a; Fuller et al., 1998; Hannon et al., 2000; Kanowski et al., 2003; Litvaitis, 2003; Moretti & Barbalat, 2004; Williams, 2003). Tropical forests are suffering the fastest rates of deforestation, and unfortunately also support the highest levels of species endemism and richness (Hall, Harris, Medjibe, & Ashton, 2003; Kellman & Tackaberry 1997; Thiollay, 2002). Forest ecosystems can be disrupted by spatial effects resulting from fragmentation by roads, power lines, and urban development (Fahrig, 2003; Godefroid & Koedam, 2003; Spellerberg, 1998). The nature of forest ecosystems is modified further when humans manipulate stand composition, such as by establishing native trees of uniform age and introducing exotic tree species (e.g., Brockerhoff et al., 2003; Ohsawa, 2004), or creating artificial ecosystems de novo, as in the case of many urban forests. With increasing urbanization worldwide and decimation of natural habitats (United Nations, 2003), it is essential that methods be developed for managing natural and man-made forests to sustain economic productivity and/or aesthetic quality while conserving biodiversity.

Understanding the spatial interdependencies between cultural ecosystem services (CES) and human activity intensity (HAI) is critical for reconciling sustainable urbanization with ecological resilience. This research endeavors to conduct an exhaustive analysis of the spatial patterns between CES and HAI along Shenyang's Hun River corridor, as well as to explore the interrelationships between these two factors. Multi-source geospatial and socioeconomic data, spatial statistical analysis software provided initial data and technical support for this research. We developed an urban riparian-specific CES evaluation framework encompassing four categories (opportunities for water/non-water activities, cultural and heritage, landscape aesthetic quality), and integrated HAI using geospatial indicators (population density, normalized difference vegetation index, traffic accessibility, nighttime light). Applying Pearson's correlation and bivariate local Moran's I analyses, three governance-critical patterns emerged: (1) Strong positive CES-HAI synergies (r = 0.52 -0.67) for most services, driven by spatial co-occurrence patterns; (2) Spatial mismatches where high HAI clusters degrade aesthetic quality (r = - 0.33); (3) Governance-driven heterogeneity between top-down megaprojects and bottom-up initiatives. These patterns informed an adaptive zoning framework classifying riparian areas into four management categories: synergy, conflict, potential, and latent zones. This approach provides actionable insights for optimizing cultural landscape preservation amid compact city development in China's urbanizing river corridors.

Contributions of Iberian Silvo-Pastoral Landscapes to the Well-Being of Contemporary Society

Classification of urban park soundscapes through perceptions of the acoustical environments

The human activities and the social and economic transformations occurred during the last century led modifications in the agro-forestry areas. This paper shows a study case study in which the dynamics of land use are analysed using a geographic information system applied to historical maps in order to evaluate the consequences of these land transformations over the last 179 years on the rural environment and landscape. The use of three-dimensional reconstructions, obtained through the creation of different digital terrain model, has allowed to appreciate the landscape modifications, in term of morphological and vegetation variation, determining its aesthetic quality. The analysis shows a common dynamic present in many rural areas of Southern Italy, <em>i.e</em>., the increase of agricultural areas replacing forested surfaces in an older period followed by the further phenomenon of spontaneous re-naturalisation of many of these areas, due to the abandonment of extensive cultivated areas. Moreover, through comparison with historical documents, it was possible to analyse how the agricultural activities influenced the quality of the forest ecosystem. The methodology employed in this study allows a detailed analysis of the processes that occurred in different rural context and the creation of appropriate tools for sustainable land management.

A Cultural Interpretation of Inuit Map Accuracy

When calculating short circuit currents in the traction network, it is necessary to take into account the input resistance of the traction substation, including the resistance of the transformers of the substation and the resistance of the power supply system. The input resistance during short circuit is determined based on the equivalent circuit of the external power supply system, of which this traction substation is an integral part. Traditionally equivalent circuit of a three-phase system has the form of a star, in which the resulting resistances in each phase are connected in series with a source of phase electromotive force, and these sources have a common point. Another equivalent circuit in the form of a triangle is possible, in which on each side the resulting resistances are connected in series with the source of linear electromotive force. It is important to note that neither one nor the other type of equivalent circuit is determined by the connection scheme of the transformer windings of the traction substation. It is only necessary to take into account the absence of a circuit for zero sequence currents. All elements of the equivalent circuit, as is known, should be brought to uniform basic conditions. If the parameters of these elements are expressed in named units, then the basic values are the effective voltage values of the main stage and the rated power of the power transformer of the traction substation. If the components of one and the other equivalent circuits are reduced to one stage of the operating voltage, for example 27.5 kV, then for the same elements of the power supply system, the resistance values in the equivalent circuit in the form of a triangle are three times larger than in the equivalent circuit in the form of a star. In this case, the input resistances of the traction substation for the one and the other equivalent circuits are absolutely identical. Therefore, in the calculation of short circuit currents of the traction network, you can use any of these equivalent circuits of the power supply system and traction substation. Formulas for calculating the resistances of the elements of the power supply system and electrical installations, given in the standards, manuals and reference books, relate to the equivalent circuit of the short circuit in the form of a star. When using an equivalent circuit in the form of a triangle, these resistances must first be tripled, and then divided by three when calculating the short-circuit currents. The meaninglessness of such an operation is obvious. The equivalent circuit of the traction substation and the external power supply system in the form of a triangle when calculating short circuits in the traction network has no advantages compared to the traditional equivalent circuit in the form of a star. The information on the linear currents on the primary and secondary windings of the traction substation transformer during a short circuit in the traction network is given, which is necessary to select the settings of its relay protection kit.

The article examines and summarizes the experience of music education of students in schools of the Republic of Ireland, highlights the main trends and approaches to the content of lessons and extracurricular activities with students of different ages, aesthetic education through music and the formation of European and national values. Vocal and vocal-instrumental ensembles are created. Participation in such groups requires knowledge of musical notation, mastering the technique of reading notes, mastering the skills and abilities to use the means of musical expression. In addition to rock music, one of the most popular vocal genres in Ireland is shan-nose - highly ornamented improvisational singing (ie singing with a large number of chants), where there are several parts of voices, from which the overall composition is built. Over time, Irish folk music changed. Most of the songs are of rural origin and are associated with ancient Irish language traditions. More modern songs are performed in both Irish and English. Involvement of student youth in the performance of various genres of choral and vocal music promotes patriotic education and the formation of moral and aesthetic qualities that positively affect the worldview of young people, contribute to the involvement of world cultural values. Involvement of student youth in the performance of various genres of choral and vocal music promotes patriotic education and the formation of moral and aesthetic qualities that positively affect the worldview of young people, contribute to the involvement of world cultural values. A prominent place in the organization of musical and creative activities is given to independent work. To this end, teachers develop guidelines, conduct practical classes, which focus on methods and techniques of mastering the skills of playing a particular musical instrument. Using the methods of showing, explaining, demonstrating, illustrating, repeating individual musical episodes and overcoming performance techniques, students develop technical skills, memory, logical thinking, practice performance skills and gain experience in interpreting the content of a piece of music. It should be noted that musical education of students in schools of the Republic of Ireland has a stable approach and is based on the folk traditions of previous generations, meets modern requirements for the formation of musical culture of youth, aesthetic feelings and development of intellectual and creative abilities.

The contemporary ecological crisis stems from human activity. Hence, we examine the Christian understanding of human work within creation, emphasizing that the biblical mandate prioritizes cultivating and caring over subduing and dominating, and that humanity is called to be a created co-creator. Contemporary life sciences provide insights into humanity’s place and role in nature. Drawing on niche construction, cultural evolution, institutions, and theological reflections on Creation and Incarnation, we argue that humanity’s transformative power is not merely about overcoming challenges and solving problems, but a response to the divine mandate of contributing to the historical realization of God’s salvific plan.

Image aesthetics assessment aims to endow computers with the ability to judge the aesthetic values of images, and its potential has been recognized in a variety of applications. Most previous studies perform aesthetics assessment purely based on image content. However, given the fact that aesthetic perceiving is a human cognitive activity, it is necessary to consider users’ perception of an image when judging its aesthetic quality. In this article, we regard users’ social behavior as the reflection of their perception of images and harness these additional clues to improve image aesthetics assessment. Specifically, we first merge the raw social interactions between users and images into clusters as the social labels of images, so the collective social behavioral information associated with an image can be well represented over a structured and compact space. Then, we develop a novel deep multi-task network to jointly learn social labels in different modalities from social images and apply it to common web images. In this manner, our approach is readily generalized to web images without social behavioral information. Finally, we introduce a high-level fusion sub-network to the aesthetics model, in which the social and visual representations of images are well balanced for aesthetics assessment. Experimental results on two benchmark datasets well verify the effectiveness of our approach and highlight the benefits of different types of social behavioral information for image aesthetics assessment.

Introduction. The processes that are taking place today under the influence of globalization in the world economy cause serious claims to the theory of economic management, since it mainly takes into account the economic component of economic activity and almost ignores its semantic, symbolic, moral, and aesthetic significance, which negatively affects labor productivity and efficiency management as a whole. Therefore, turning to the study of economic activity in the philosophical and cultural aspects seems relevant and justified. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the article is the philosophical and cultural conceptualization of the dynamic nature of the economic life of society, which will allow deepening the understanding of the essence of economic culture, its basic values, and its management system. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical principle of cognition, systemic, cultural, historical, and interdisciplinary approaches to the study of organizational phenomena and processes. Results. The essence of the culture of the economic life of the society is revealed. The regularities and trends of the development of economic culture have been revealed. The basic values of the culture of human economic activity, their semantic, symbolic, moral, and aesthetic significance depending on the stage of development of society and its cultural specificity are determined. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the deepening of the understanding of the essence of the culture of the economic life of society, the definition of its components, and basic values. The significance of the research is found in the addition of cultural science with new theoretical provisions about the culture of economic activity, as well as in the possibility of using them in the process of training managers of economic organizations.