Abstract
Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has three distinctive reproductive modes: arrhenotokous, thelytokous and deuterotokous. This experiment was focused on the arrhenotokous leek-(L1) and tobacco-associated (T) T. tabaci lineages. These two lineages are distinctively varied genetically and in host adaptations. L1 and T lineages perform better on leek and tobacco plants, respectively. Fighting occurs between males when they compete for food, mating, and oviposition sites. The aim of this research was to examine the fighting behaviour and characterize the fighting elements of males in L1 and T lineages. The experiment was performed in the laboratory by using a Euromex VC.3036 video camera and each experiment was recorded for a duration of 10 minutes. Transparent PCR tube caps formed the arena to observe the fighting interactions in both lineages. A total of 40 video recordings have been observed and each recording had a different arena. The fighting performance was observed at 2, 5, 8, 10, 12 days old specimens in four replications. This result has shown L1 lineage had better fighting performance and a more aggressive fighting ability than T lineage. Antennal bouts, jumping, flipping, stabbing and pitching are the most commonly observed fighting elements.
Highlights
Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has three distinctive reproductive modes: arrhenotokous, thelytokous and deuterotokous
In insect species, mating and fighting interactions are initiated by chemical cues produced by the males such as male-specific cuticular hydrocarbons and aggregation pheromones (Olaniran et al, 2013)
The females were preserved in 96% ethanol individually until the lineage was confirmed based on sequences of a mitochondrial c Oxidase subunit I (COI) product (Farkas et al, 2019)
Summary
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has three distinctive reproductive modes: arrhenotokous, thelytokous and deuterotokous. Woldemelak: Fighting behaviour of male onion thrips, Thrips tabaci lineages (Crespi, 1986a), Hoplothrips pedicularius (Haliday) (Crespi, 1986b), Kladothrips rugosus (Froggatt), Oncothrips tepperi (Karny), Onychothrips tepperi (Karny), Csirothrips watsoni (Mound), Thaumatothrips froggatti (Karny) and Phallothrips houstoni (Crespi, 1992). Fights in these thrips species are presumably associated with mating, food, and egg guarding. In insect species, mating and fighting interactions are initiated by chemical cues produced by the males such as male-specific cuticular hydrocarbons and aggregation pheromones (Olaniran et al, 2013)
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