Fifth forces and frame invariance

Abstract

I discuss how one can apply the covariant formalism developed by Vilkovisky and DeWitt to obtain frame invariant fifth force calculations for scalar-tensor theories. Fifth forces are severely constrained by astrophysical measurements. It was shown previously that for scale-invariant Higgs-dilaton gravity, in a particular choice of frame, the dilaton fifth force is dramatically suppressed, evading the observational constraints. Using a geometric approach I extend this result to all frames, and show that the usual dichotomy of ``Jordan frame'' versus ``Einstein frame'' is better understood as a continuum of frames: submanifold slices of a more general field space.