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Abstract
Energy-recovery ventilators (ERVs) are regarded as important energy-saving systems in buildings. It has been reported that they have high energy-saving rates compared with conventional ventilators that operate without energy recovery, but the saving rates have been obtained typically by employing chamber tests and simulations. In this work, a field-test method is proposed that uses a single test room but alternates the tested ventilation modes hourly. This proposed method is useful because an additional comparison room is not always available and can be a source of uncertainty for field tests. The test is performed in a classroom during a heating period, and the results are calibrated to account for different experimental conditions during the test period. The calibrated energy-saving rates indicate the effectiveness of the ERV; however, they are lower in the early hours of the system operation, for two reasons: (1) the maximum power control schemes of the heat pumps are applied for cases where the indoor temperatures are far lower than the set-point temperature; (2) the ventilation load seemingly represents a decreasing proportion of the total heating load in early hours owing to the thermal-capacity effects for the building, which was cooled for many hours. The findings are verified via a chamber test and simulations. As a consequence, it is important to account for actual system characteristics affected by the thermal behaviors of classrooms when the overall performance of a system is evaluated.
Highlights
As buildings become highly insulated, the proportion of ventilation loads to total building loads is increasing [1,2]
Energy-recovery ventilators (ERVs) have been installed in buildings to recover the energy in the controlled indoor air and to filter out pollution
The energy-saving effects of the energy-recovery ventilators (ERVs) mode in classrooms were reported to be similar to those in other buildings; these results were obtained via chamber tests or simulations
Summary
As buildings become highly insulated, the proportion of ventilation loads to total building loads is increasing [1,2]. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the energy-saving performance of ERV systems. Field measurements can be effective for evaluating the realistic energy-saving performance of an ERV. As current ERV systems have two ventilation modes, the energy-saving performance can be evaluated by alternating the modes. To evaluate the energy-saving effects of the ERV, test and comparison rooms are needed to compare the energy consumption under the different ventilation modes. The energy-saving effects of the ERV mode in classrooms were reported to be similar to those in other buildings; these results were obtained via chamber tests or simulations. It is important to understand the energy-consumption pattern of the EHP and evaluate the energy-saving effects of the ERV mode for further developments in control. Simulations are useful to verify that the pattern found in the field test is valid under dynamic conditions
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