Abstract
Typhoon Jebi struck Japan on the 4 September 2018, damaging and inundating many coastal areas along Osaka Bay due to the high winds, a storm surge, and wind driven waves. In order to understand the various damage mechanisms, the authors conducted a field survey two days after the typhoon made landfall, measuring inundation heights and depths at several locations in Hyogo Prefecture. The survey results showed that 0.18–1.27 m inundation depths were caused by Typhoon Jebi. As parts of the survey, local residents were interviewed about the flooding, and a questionnaire survey regarding awareness of typhoons and storm surges, and their response to the typhoon was distributed. The authors also mapped the location of some of the containers that were displaced by the storm surge, aiming to provide information to validate future simulation models of container displacement. Finally, some interesting characteristics of the storm surge are summarized, such as possible overtopping at what had initially been thought to be a low risk area (Suzukaze town), and lessons learnt in terms of disaster risk management are discussed.
Highlights
Typhoon Jebi, which formed on the 28 August 2018, struck Japan on the 4 September 2018, damaging and inundating many areas of the coastal cities of Kobe and Osaka
It became clear that some coastal residential areas had been flooded due to a storm surge, despite the dyke protecting them being substantially higher than the predicted and measured storm surge levels at nearby tidal stations
0.18 m to 0.64 m were measured at Suzukaze town. This indicates that some interesting geographical, bathymetric of wind factors played a part in increasing the height of the water levels at Suzukaze town, which was considered to be a minimum risk area
Summary
Typhoon Jebi, which formed on the 28 August 2018, struck Japan on the 4 September 2018, damaging and inundating many areas of the coastal cities of Kobe and Osaka (see Figure 1). The weather system achieved a minimum central pressure of 915 hPa and a maximum one-minute sustained wind speed of 55 m/s (198 km/h; 31-August 09:00 JST (UTC+09:00)–02-September 00:00 JST) [1], and struck Japan as a Category 3 typhoon on the Saffir–Simpson scale. The route of the Typhoon Jebi was similar to that of the three typhoons which produced relatively high inundation heights in the past along Osaka Bay (Figure 1) [2,3]. The past’s maximum water levels were exceeded at many tidal stations, though it should be noted that the maximum
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