Abstract
Terminal drought stress is one of the restrictive factors in rice production and is expected to upsurge under the current situation of climate change. The study evaluated the performance of 2030 rice genotypes under continuous drought stress conditions based on days to flowering (DF). The genotypes under augmented randomized complete block design were sown in May/June of 2017 and 2018 in the field with movable rainout that resulted in huge genetic diversity among the accessions. Descriptive statistics confirmed clear variation among accessions on growth duration, plant height to leaf, plant height to panicle, and germination percentage. Correlation, chemometric, and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analyses were performed that categorized the germplasm into 10 groups. Genotypes in clusters VIII and IX (drought-resistant) revealed better agronomic performance in terms of reduced days to flowering, but conversely taller plant height and higher maturity (%) under severe stress. Genotypes in clusters IV, V, and X were discovered to be drought-susceptible. The screened genotypes like Longjing 12, Longdun 102, Yanjing 22, Liaojing 27, Xiaohongbandao, Songjing 17, and Zaoshuqingsen can be utilized in rice breeding improvement programs for drought tolerance in terms of severe continuous drought, as well as terminal drought stress.
Highlights
Genebanks are repositories of the variety of crops around the world, and their collections serve as great prospective sources of stress tolerance
The total estimated water supply including irrigation and rainfall provided to the crop was 81 mm to 111 mm, which is much lower than the total water use of aerobic rice including irrigation and precipitation (750 mm to 1400 mm) [15]
It can be concluded that this study found substantial variation in the terminal drought stress tolerance among rice genotypes, and several relative drought stress-resistant and -sensitive rice genotypes were identified based on agronomic traits
Summary
Genebanks are repositories of the variety of crops around the world, and their collections serve as great prospective sources of stress tolerance. The rice genebank at the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), maintains several rice genetic resources, primarily breeding materials or landraces from Oryza sativa, Oryza glaberrima, and wild and representative species of the Oryza genus. CAAS genebank ensures the survival and continuous supply of rice-enhancing genetic resources. Future plant enhancement is based on the genetic variability from conventional varieties and associated wild species to deal with the many abiotic and biotic stresses that jeopardized rice production around the globe [1]. To research the genetic traits that have the potential to withstand various stresses’ effects on rice growth and production, it is, advisable to explore the extensive array of genetic diversity of rice at the CAAS genebank that provides an admirable chance to identify genotypes for stress acclimatization.
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