Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Design Strategies and Applications

Abstract

Configurable custom computing became practical with the introduction of in-circuit re-programmable devices such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). FPGAs provide fine-grained logic and interconnection elements whose function users can program to meet an applications needs. FPGAs are popular because of their adaptable capabilities, however, compared to application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) they have been found to be 40 times greater in area, three to four times greater in critical path delay, and 12 times greater in power consumption. This survey paper discusses design strategies such as using pre-computed tables characterizing specific FPGAs to estimate and regulate power consumption. Design strategies for FPGA architecture, routing algorithms, digital filters, and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) are also discussed. FPGA applications include real-time video processing for space based processors, complex signal processing algorithms and Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) flight control systems.