Abstract
Representative technologies from each of three different field measurement techniques for lead in paint: chemical spot test kits; portable x-ray fluorescence (XRF), and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) following ultrasonic extraction, were tested on site at buildings of a university in Florida. Nearly 200 paint films were tested for lead in situ with the use of a portable XRF instrument and a rhodizonate-based chemical spot test kit. Paint films were tested on four different substrate surfaces: plaster, brick, metal, and wood. Paint samples were then removed, ground, and tested for lead content (ex situ) by portable XRF and ASV following ultrasonic extraction in a diluted nitric acid solution. Lead measurement results from each of the three field techniques were compared to lead concentrations determined by atomic spectrometry in duplicate split samples of each paint film. The results suggest that the rhodizonate spot test kit and in situ portable XRF can be used for screening for the presence of lead-containing paint. The data further suggest that ex situ lead determination by on-site, ultrasonic extraction/portable ASV and ex situ portable XRF are feasible. The results demonstrate the performance of each portable method in a real-world field situation. Published 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Field Analyt Chem Technol 2: 39–50, 1998
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