Field emission properties of arrays of carbon-nanotube-based fibers

Abstract

Recently, we presented a multiscale model of field emission (FE) from carbon nanotube fibers (CBFs) taking into account Joule heating within the fiber and radiative cooling and the Nottingham effect at the tip of the individual carbon nanotubes in the array located at the fiber tip [1]. The model was used to predicts the fraction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) being destroyed as a function of the applied external electric field and reproduces many experimental features observed in some recently investigated carbon nanotube fibers such as, order of magnitude of the emission current (mA range), low turn on electric field (fraction of V/μm), deviation from pure Fowler-Nordheim behavior at large applied electric field, hysteresis of the FE characteristics, and a spatial variation of the temperature along the CNF axis with a maximum close to its tip of a few hundred °C. In this work, we report the simulations of the field emission properties from small arrays of carbon nanotube fibers in the presence of shielding effects. The latter are modeled using the line charge model recently developed by Harris et al. [2-5]. The average total emission current and its variance for linear arrays composed of seven carbon nanotube fibers are calculated to show their sensitivity to the morphology of the apex of the individual fibers which are modeled as random arrays of CNTs. In practice, the FE properties of the latter can be strongly dependent of the cutting technique used to form the fiber apexes.