Abstract
Field experiments were carried out of about 11 kirats planted with (Giza 86) cotton variety during seasons 2018 and 2019 on 15th July and 1st, 15th August in a field located at Qaha Research Station, Plant Protection Research Institute, Qalyoupia governorate. The selected area was split into 10 plots and the control plot. Entomopathogenic fungi and a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) were sprayed by using Hand-held Hydraulic sprayer (Matabi) (56 L./fed.) and Economy Micron ULVA (15 L./Fed.) on cotton field highly infested with cotton Spiny bollworm Earias insulana larvae. All tested Bio-Insecticides revealed a significant negative influence on Earias insulana larvae. The most effective on reduction percentage of bolls infestation is Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana either isolates or (W. P.) with Economy Micron ULVA (15 L./Fed.) followed by Bacillus thuringiensis (W.P.) with Hand-held Hydraulic sprayer (Matabi) (56 L./Fed.). It could be recommended to use these Bio-Insecticides with ULV spraying equipment with not less than (15L/Fed.). A satisfactory coverage was obtained on cotton plants. The spectrum of droplets ranging between 130-166 mm (VMD). With a sufficient number ranging from 24-170 N/cm². The rate of performance of Hand-held Hydraulic sprayer (Matabi) (56 L./Fed.) was 3.5 Fed./day. It was the best equipment, but the lowest rate of performance was Economy Micron ULVA (15 L./Fed.) since it could spray only 3 Fed./day. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the isolate form of fungi and wettable powder in reduction percentages of bolls infestation. Data showed that bio-insecticides may be recommended in integrated pest management because of their safety on animals, man and environment Also, Low Volume spraying reducing the time lost in the process filling the machines with the spray solution and saving the lost spray on the ground.
Highlights
Cotton Gossypium barbadense is one of the most important economic crops
According to our results which showed that M. anisopliae in both forms even isolate or commercial formulation (W.P.) is the more effective bio-insecticide against E. insulana followed by B. bassiana B. thurigiensis, some authors were in agreement with our findings, (Reda, et al 2019) found that E.insulana larval population reduction had slightly increased in 2019 than 2018 cotton seasons when treated with B.thuringiensis and B. bassiana
(Al-shannaf, et al.2012) reported that residual reduction percentages were 13.3, 20.0 and 9.1% with Bioranza, Protecto, and Dipel DF, respectively against Helicoverpa armigera larvae in Egyptian cotton fields. (Sobita Simon, 2014 and Venugopal, et al 2017) recorded that the highest infestation reduction of H. armigera after treated cotton crop with Cypermethrin 0.01 % followed by B. bassiana 0.35 % over control
Summary
Cotton Gossypium barbadense is one of the most important economic crops. Cotton crop is attacked by a large number of polyphagous pest (Dhawan, 1993). Earias insulana (Boisduval) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) is known as a cotton pest (Reed, 1994), (Kumar, et al 2014) and is obliterating and multivoltine Lepidopteron crawly insect pest of cotton. The genus Earias is widely distributed in the old world and Australasia, and some are pests of considerable importance in many of the cotton-growing countries of Africa and Asia.
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