Abstract
通过热解法制备了硫掺杂的石墨烯量子点(S-GQDs),同石墨烯量子点(GQDs)相比,S原子的引入有效改善了GQDs的表面状态和化学特性、增强其对正电荷的捕获能力,使其更易与阳离子相互作用。以S-GQDs为载体,结合电堆积富集技术,发展了一种基于场放大进样(FASI)和S-GQDs放大的双重富集毛细管电泳(CE)分离检测三聚氰胺和双氰胺的方法。三聚氰胺和双氰胺在酸性介质中带正电荷,电动进样时快速迁移到毛细管入口端进行FASI预富集;同时带负电荷的S-GQDs向阳极端迁移,在样品与缓冲溶液的界面处通过静电作用吸附样品离子,S-GQDs作为载体使检测信号进一步放大。实验考察了缓冲溶液中S-GQDs的体积分数、缓冲溶液的组成及pH、进样时间等因素对富集分离效果的影响。当缓冲溶液的pH为4.6时,进样时间可延长至450 s。同常规电动进样(10 kV×10 s)相比,采用FASI与S-GQDs双重放大技术可使检测灵敏度提高1.6×105倍。该方法对三聚氰胺和双氰胺检测的线性范围是1.0×10-14~1.0×10-8mol/L,相关系数(r2)大于0.999,检出限分别为2.6×10-15和5.7×10-15mol/L。实现了对盐酸二甲双胍中三聚氰胺和双氰胺的高灵敏检测,回收率分别为95.9%~102.4%和92.0%~106.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。该方法操作简单,分离效果好,准确度高,重现性好,适用于分离检测不同盐酸二甲双胍制剂中的三聚氰胺和双氰胺。
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