Fibromixoma superficial acral: revisão da literatura

Abstract

Superficial acral fibromyxoma is a rare tumor of soft tissues. It is a benign slow‐growing soft tissue lesion occurring in males in the fifth decade. Clinically, superficial acral fibromyxoma generally presents on the distal aspect of the hands or feet, with a polypoid or dome shaped appearance. Histologically, it appears as a non‐encapsulated soft tissue tumor of the dermis, with spindle‐shaped fibroblasts in a storiform or fasciculated pattern in the myxocollagenous stroma. On immunohistochemistry, superficial acral fibromyxoma is commonly positive for CD34 and CD99, with variable positivity for epithelial membrane antigen. Superficial acral fibromyxoma management consists of complete surgical excision.A review of the current literature on superficial acral fibromyxoma was performed, with emphasis on the number of reported cases, location, diagnostic methods, histological characteristics, differential diagnoses, and treatment.A total of 314 reported cases of superficial acral fibromyxoma were found in the current literature, being mainly in toes (45.8%) and fingers (39.1%). It has slightly greater involvement in men (61%), and has enormous variability in the age group of occurrence.Superficial acral fibromyxoma is a single soft‐tissue tumor that must enter into the differential diagnosis of periungual and subcutaneous acral lesions; its treatment consists of simple excision. More studies are needed to better understand this pathology first described in 2001.