Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 and Vitamin D Metabolism in Subjects with eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2

Abstract

Background/Aims: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) are both potent phosphaturic hormones. Since they exert opposite effects on vitamin D metabolism, the measurement of 3 vitamin D metabolites; 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)₂D), and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)₂D), allows the distinction of the effects of FGF-23 from those of PTH. The aim of this study was to elucidate which factor, FGF-23 or PTH, plays a more important role in the regulation of vitamin D metabolites in subjects with estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m². Methods: Subjects with eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m² (n = 20) were enrolled and their serum levels of FGF-23, intact PTH, and vitamin D metabolites were determined. Results: Serum FGF-23 correlated inversely with 1,25(OH)₂D (r = -0.717, p = 0.0004) and the 1,25(OH)₂D/25-OH-D ratio (r = -0.518, p = 0.019), compared with a significant positive correlation between serum intact PTH and the 1,25(OH)₂D/25-OH-D ratio (r = 0.562, p = 0.010). Multiple regression analyses revealed serum FGF-23 as a significant factor that was associated with serum 1,25(OH)₂D (β = -0.593, p = 0.018), 1,25(OH)₂D/25-OH-D ratio (β = -0.521, p = 0.025), and the 24,25(OH)₂D/1,25(OH)₂D ratio (β = 0.632, p = 0.008), and intact PTH as a significant factor associated with the 1,25(OH)₂D/25-OH-D ratio (β = 0.445, p = 0.028). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that, even in subjects with eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m², FGF-23 might play an important role in the regulation of vitamin D metabolism. In addition to the established role of PTH, the association between FGF-23 and indices of vitamin D metabolism suggested the potential role of FGF-23 on phosphate metabolism in such patients.