Abstract
Several experimental and numerical studies have been conducted to address the structural performance of FRP-reinforced/strengthened concrete structures under and after exposure to elevated temperatures. The present paper reviews over 100 research studies focused on the structural responses of different FRP-reinforced/strengthened concrete structures after exposure to elevated temperatures, ranging from ambient temperatures to flame. Different structural systems were considered, including FRP laminate bonded to concrete, FRP-reinforced concrete, FRP-wrapped concrete, and concrete-filled FRP tubes. According to the reported data, it is generally accepted that, in the case of insignificant resin in the post curing process, as the temperature increases, the ultimate strength, bond strength, and structure stiffness reduce, especially when the glass transition temperature Tg of the resin is approached and exceeded. However, in the case of post curing, resin appears to preserve its mechanical properties at high temperatures, which results in the appropriate structural performance of FRP-reinforced/strengthened members at high temperatures that are below the resin decomposition temperature Td. Given the research gaps, recommendations for future studies have been presented. The discussions, findings, and comparisons presented in this review paper will help designers and researchers to better understand the performance of concrete structures that are reinforced/strengthened with FRPs under elevated temperatures and consider appropriate approaches when designing such structures.
Highlights
A systematic overview and discussion regarding the structural performance of FRPreinforced/strengthened concrete members after exposure to elevated temperatures was presented
By reviewing the research conducted on concrete strengthened with FRP composites, one can conclude that their performance when subjected to elevated temperatures is well studied
It is generally observed that the degradation of the resin’s mechanical characteristics at temperatures exceeding Tg may result in bond loss, even at moderately elevated temperatures (e.g., 90% bond strength reduction at temperatures between 100 and 200 ◦ C), which results in the loss of FRP–concrete interaction
Summary
Numerous FRPs have been produced, including basalt fibre-reinforced polymers (BFRP), glass fibre-reinforced polymers (GFRP), aramid fibre-reinforced polymers (AFRP), and carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (CFRP) [1,2,3,4]. Due to the significant advantages of FRPs over conventional construction materials, including steel and concrete, for retrofitting and strengthening concrete structures, they have gained attention as viable alternatives for reinforcing and retrofitting concrete structures [8,9,10]. These composites are typically employed as “externally bonded”
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