Abstract
PurposeEndovascular aortic repair procedures are currently conducted with 2D fluoroscopy imaging. Tracking systems based on fiber Bragg gratings are an emerging technology for the navigation of minimally invasive instruments which can reduce the X-ray exposure and the used contrast agent. Shape sensing of flexible structures is challenging and includes many calculations steps which are prone to different errors. To reduce this errors, we present an optimized shape sensing model.MethodsWe analyzed for every step of the shape sensing process, which errors can occur, how the error affects the shape and how it can be compensated or minimized. Experiments were done with one multicore fiber system with 38 cm sensing length, and the effects of different methods and parameters were analyzed. Furthermore, we compared 3D shape reconstructions with the segmented shape of the corresponding CT scans of the fiber to evaluate the accuracy of our optimized shape sensing model. Finally, we tested our model in a realistic endovascular scenario by using a 3D printed vessel system created from patient data.ResultsDepending on the complexity of the shape, we reached an average error of 0.35–1.15 mm and maximal error of 0.75–7.53 mm over the whole 38 cm sensing length. In the endovascular scenario, we obtained an average and maximal error of 1.13 mm and 2.11 mm, respectively.ConclusionThe accuracies of the 3D shape sensing model are promising, and we plan to combine the shape sensing based on fiber Bragg gratings with the position and orientation of an electromagnetic tracking to obtain the located catheter shape.
Highlights
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in western industrial nations [9]
Some of these diseases like abdominal aortic aneurysms can be treated with an endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) procedure, in which a stent graft is placed in the aneurysm region under 2D fluoroscopy
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based systems are used for shape sensing, which enables three-dimensional navigation
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in western industrial nations [9]. Some of these diseases like abdominal aortic aneurysms can be treated with an endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) procedure, in which a stent graft is placed in the aneurysm region under 2D fluoroscopy. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based systems are used for shape sensing, which enables three-dimensional navigation. The most common configurations are three fibers arranged triangular around the structure to be measured [4,13]. This introduces significant errors due to possible changes in the core geometry [4], which can be overcome with multicore fibers, where several
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