FI’L MUDLĀRI’ MABNIYY (VERBA IMPERVEKTUM PERMANENT) DALAM AL-QUR’AN JUZ 1-15 (ANALISIS SINTAKSIS)

This research is the combination of Hogarth and Einhorn (1992) and Dilla and Steinbart (2005) studies. The purpose of this study is to examine recency and knowledge effects in the stock investment decision making when mixed information (fundamental and technical information) is sequentially presented. Using a laboratory experimental design, the results show that (1) there is recency effect when different information (based on type and content) is sequentially presented; (2) based on technical analysis information, there is a difference in the stock investment decision making between the treatment and the control groups. Contrary to the expectation, there is no different stock investment decision resulted from fundamental analysis information. The results show that decision makers with accounting background tend to use only financial information, while those who understand technical analysis will consider both fundamental and technical data analysis.

Mubtada 'isim marfu' which is free from amil lafadz. While khabar (comment) is an isim marfu' to complete the meaning of mubtada' (topic). This research is a qualitative research with library research research design. The instruments used in this study were data cards and recapitulation sheets. Data collection techniques using documentation techniques. The data analysis technique uses the distributional method for the direct element, and the data validity check technique uses the credibility test technique to increase persistence. Based on the research conducted by the researcher, the researcher found 279 data in the form of mubtada (topic) and khabar (comment), because the amount of data was almost the same, the researcher took 89 data for in-depth analysis. Of the 89 mubtada'(topic), 89 are mubtada'(topic) sharih and none of the mubtada'(topic) muawwal. Based on the terms of use, there are no mubtada '(topics) that are obligatory mahdzuf and 3 may be mahdzuf, 82 are obligatory muqaddam and 2 may be muqaddam, and 1 is obligatory muakhkhar and 1 may be muakhkhar. Based on the grammatical markers, it consists of 75 mubtada' (topic) with the grammatical marker dlammah, none with the grammatical marker alif, waw, and nun, and 14 mubtada' (topic) which occupies the function of mubtada' (topic) (machal rafa'). And of the 89 khabar (comments), 64 are mufrad khabar (comments) and 25 are ghairu mufad khabar (comments). Based on the terms of use, there is no khabar (comment) that is obligatory and can be mahdzuf, 1 is mandatory and can be muqaddam, and 85 is obligatory muakhkhar and 2 may be muakhkhar.

This study aims to determine the types, functions, and grammatical markers of ism ma'rifah in the accusative case in Surah al-Baqarah. This research is a qualitative research with library research design. The data of this research are the ism ma'rifah in the accusative case that comes from surah al-Baqarah. The data collection technique used the watch-note technique and the instruments used were the researchers themselves, data cards, and recapitulation sheet. The data analysis technique used the distributional method with the technique for direct elemental. Of the 100 data samples analyzed by the researcher based on their type, it was found 7 data type of ism 'alam, 34 data type of ism dhamir, 15 data type of ism maushul, 1 data type of ism isyarah, 19 data type of ism al-ma'rifah with the particle Alif lam (ال), 19 data type of ism al-ma'rifah with idhafah construction, and 5 data are of the type of ism al-ma'rifah with nida particles. Based on the syntactic function, it is found that 1 data functions as khabar Kana, 18 data functions as isim inna, 62 data functions as maf'ul bih, 1 data functions as maf'ul muthlaq, 1 data functions as maf'ul li ajlih, 1 data functions as mustastna, 5 data functions as munada, 1 data functions as chal, 5 data functions as na’at, 3 data functions as ma'thuf, 1 data functions as badal. Based on the grammatical markers, it was found that 38 data had the grammatical marker fathah, 1 data had the grammatical marker kasrah, 3 data had the grammatical marker ya', 5 data had the grammatical marker fathah muqoddarah and 53 data had the grammatical marker mabniy fii machal an-nasbiy.

The aims  of this  study was  to  describe  (1)  the  structure  of  novel  that  include characters and characterization, background, and plot, (2) social aspects, (3) social change the main character in the novel Partikel of Dewi Lestari. Types of research is qualitative research. This study data in the form of units of paragraphs or discourse in the novel Partikel. Data source in this research novel Partikel of Dewi Lestari. This research use instrument equipped concept or theory characters and characterization, background, plot, social aspects, and social change. Method of collecting this research use formal methods, to read the whole novel. Data collection technique this research in a way to read the whole novel, observe, and notes data obtained from data card. Data analysis methods is qualitative methods. Data analysis technique use descriptive qualitative. The results of this study show novel Partikel related element. The results which is obtained. (1) The structure of novel that (a) include characters and characterization of novel Partikel is Zarah main character and additional figures is Firas, Aisyah, Koso, Paul, Storm and Simon Hardiman. Figure Zarah be told as a desperate man (b) background in novel Partikel is Batu Luhur, Kebun Raya Bogor, Bukit Jambul, and background times is morning, evening, night, social background is social on, social medium, and lower social, (3) and plot in novel Partikel groove mix (2) social aspects in novel Partikel aspect of love that include love of family, love of best friend, love of girl or boyfriend, cultural aspect is Sundanese culture and western culture (3) social change the main character in the novel Partikel of Dewi Lestari changes desired when Zarah decided to work on a Tanjung Puting, change is not desired when loss of harmony, fast change when Zarah receive the Nikon camera’s, slow changes when decide school, small change when Zarah decide formal school, and big change when Zarah join in The A-Team. Â

This research aims to determine the difficulties in reading at the beginning of class I at Muhammadiyah Kemiri Elementary School. The type of research used in the research is analytical research using qualitative methods. The research subjects were class I of Muhammadiyah Kemiri Elementary School for the 2022/2023 academic year with a total of 22 students. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. The instrument of this research is a data card. The data obtained are student response tests and observations of learning implementation. Data analysis using reading fluency or lack of fluency. The data analysis techniques used are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and data verification. Validation of this instrument is carried out by ticking (√) in the (Fluent) column for appropriate syllables and marking (X) in the (Not Fluent) column for inappropriate syllables, then the appropriate syllables will be written in the column suggestion. The results of the validation of the performance assessment instrument to measure students' initial reading abilities are that the instrument is suitable for use with revisions.

This study aims to describe the sexual politics in fiksimini by using feminist critical discourse analysis. This research is a qualitative descriptive study that uses @fiksimini account during January-February 2020 on Twitter as the data source. The research data used is sexual politics discourse contained in literary worksfiksimini which has a total of 267 data with 44 topicsfiksimini. Data collection techniques are conducted by reading and recorded in the data cards. The data collection instrument was the researcher himself (human instrument) using Kate Millett's sexual politics parameters. Data analysis technique in this study used semantic and pragmatic equivalents in analyzing work fiksimini containing sexual politics in fiksimini. The data analysis stage is carried out by the work step of literature research, namely studying libraries related to research objects by reading, taking notes, and interpreting references related to research objects. The results showed that there are six forms of sexual politics contained in fiksimini, namely: sexual slavery, women's domestic work, control of women, abuse of sexuality, rape, projecting women and negotiations conducted by female characters in the story. Sexual politics contained in fiksimini is 80% written by male writers who recount the power of patriarchy. The ideology seen from writing about sexual politics shows that writers use male and female characters emerging from social classes, institutions of marriage, and free sex. The female characters narrated by the fiksimini writers still place women as inferior beings who are in the power of superior patriarchy.

Analysis of remote sensing data requires a mix of technical data analysis and expert judgment. Although there is considerable empirical evidence that expert judgments reflect substantial biases, the impact of judgment biases in remote sensing and similar types of technical data analyses has not been investigated. In particular, judgment research suggests that experts are prone to a confirmation bias-where focus on a proposed hypothesis leads the expert to seek and overweigh confirming versus disconfirming evidence. In technical data analysis, this predicts a tendency toward false positives in interpretation-concluding that sensor data support a hypothesis when they do not. In this paper, we empirically examine confirmation bias in technical data analysis of remote sensing data, along with an approach to mitigating this bias that systematically promotes consideration of alternative causes in the analysis. Results suggest that analysts do exhibit confirmation bias in their technical data analysis of remote sensing data, and furthermore, that structured consideration of alternative causes mitigates this bias.

This research aims to determine the form of violence experienced by the blue-eyed female character in the novel Nyutrayu by Joko Gesang Santoso. Researchers use feminist literary criticism theory. The data source for this research was obtained from a quote from the novel Nyutrayu, which describes the violence experienced by the blue-eyed female character. The data collection process uses data collection techniques through literature study, reading techniques, and note-taking techniques. The literature study technique is carried out by collecting, reading and studying books on feminist literary criticism theory; the reading technique is carried out repeatedly in the novel Nyutrayu, and the note-taking technique is to record quotes that show data in the form of violence experienced by the blue-eyed female character. Next, data validity techniques are carried out using validity tests and reliability tests. The validity test is carried out by interpreting the data based on the problem formulation and in accordance with feminist literary criticism. Meanwhile, the reliability test was carried out by repeatedly reading the novel Nyutrayu by Joko Gesang Santoso and discussing it with colleagues. The data analysis technique is carried out in three stages. First is data reduction, namely data collected and grouped according to the problem formulation. The second is data presentation, namely grouping data into data cards. Third, conclusions and verification are drawn, namely the final conclusion of the data, which is temporary and can change if evidence is found to support the data collection stage. The results of the research show that 1) the physical violence experienced by the blue-eyed female character was in the form of being killed by a group of men, being hit with a broom handle, and being injured by village youths using a machete. 2) psychological violence experienced by the blue-eyed female character in the form of being stalked by villagers, being accused of being a witch, and being threatened with death. And 3) sexual violence experienced by the blue-eyed female character in the form of sexual harassment and rape.

This study aims to describe the analysis of the main female character in the web series Melur untuk Firdaus and its implementation in learning at SMP Negeri 23 Pontianak. The methods and forms of research used are descriptive methods and qualitative research forms, and use a feminist approach. The data in this study are in the form of words and quotes that contain the roles and positions of women, gender injustice, and women's struggles in the web series. The data source used in this study is the Melur web series for Firdaus which aired on Slot Lestary TV3 on May 27 2022 with a total of 28 episodes. Data collection techniques used in this research are documentary study techniques and observational techniques. The data collection tool used by the researchers themselves as the main instrument and data card and assisted by observation guidelines. The data analysis technique used is content analysis technique. The results of the analysis obtained from this research are the role and position of women as children and also wives, gender injustice in the form of marginalization, stereotypes, and violence, as well as women's struggles in maintaining their household and its implementation in learning at SMP Negeri 23 Pontianak. The roles and positions in Melur's web series for Firdaus are divided into two. First, it describes the role and position of women as children who carry out their obligations to help with household chores, respect and care for their parents. Second, the role and position of women as wives who carry out their obligations, namely respecting, caring for, fulfilling and serving the needs of their husbands. There are three forms of gender injustice, namely marginalization that women are considered insignificant in making decisions and are only used as sex slaves, stereotypes limiting women from interfering and labeling in the form of insults, as well as physical and non-physical violence and its implementation in learning at SMP Negeri 23 Pontianak.

Job application letters are included in the class of official letters so that there are certain aspects that must be considered in their administration. One of these aspects is the language aspect. This study aims to describe the forms of language, such as: spelling, diction, and sentences used in job application letters at the Special Job Exchange for the Presidential Vocational School of Cirebon City and Indomaret, Kejuden Village, Cirebon Regency. This research is a qualitative research. Techniques and data instruments used in this study were documentation techniques and data cards. In addition, the observation technique with the advanced note-taking technique was used to study the data in this study. The data analysis technique used the miles model and Huberman. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that there are 223 language errors used in job application letters, with details: 161 spelling errors, 19 diction errors, and 43 errors.

The discussion of nahcw science is very large, one of which is about Ism Al- Ma’rifah (Definite Noun) Genitive Case. The researcher chose the book Khulashoh Nurul Yaqin chapter 2 since there are many kinds of ism al- ma’rifah genitive case so that they can be analyzed to improve the readers‟ understanding of this book and is expected to be useful for increasing knowledge development. This is a qualitative study with library research design. Data in the form of ism al ma’rifah (definite noun) genitive case are sourced from the book Khulashoh Nurul Yaqin chapter 2. The instrument used in this study was a data card. The data collection technique used the documentation method. The data analysis technique used the distributional method. The result of this study showed that there are about 430 data on ism al- ma’rifah (definite noun) genitive case found in the book Khulasoh Nurul Yaqin chapter 2. The researcher took 100 data samples with purposive sampling technique (1) type ism al- ma’rifah (definite noun) genitive case consisting of 26 data types ism ‘alam, 15 data types ism dhamir, 1 data types ism isyarah, 1 data types ism maushul, 41 data types ism al-mu’arraf bi al, 16 data types ism al-mudhafu ilal ma’rifah. (2) Functions of ism al- ma’rifah (definite noun) genitive case consist of 43 data as majrur which changes into jarr with harf jar, 41 data as majrur which changes into jarr with idhafah, 16 data that function as majrur which changes into jarr with attawabi’ (9 data as na’at and 7 data as athaf (ma’thuf)).

This research aims to describe prefix, suffix, simulfix and confix errors in students' description essays. This research method uses qualitative research method. The data source in this research is students' description essays. The research instrument used is the researcher who uses data cards. The data analysis technique in this study is that the researcher reads, observes, and marks the data in the students' description essays that have been collected. While the data collection techniques are documentation and observation. Based on the results of analysis and discussion in the description essays of students of class VII.11 SMP Negeri 3 Makassar, prefix errors were found as much as 20 data, suffix errors were found as much as 3 data, simulfix errors were found 1 data, and confix errors were found as much as 3 data

The main problem in this study is how to use the principle of politeness in student interactions and the types of speech acts contained in the interaction of class XI students at SMK Negeri Tapango. This study aims to describe the use of politeness principles and describe the types of speech acts contained in the interaction of class XI students at SMK Negeri Tapango. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with the subject of verbal interaction of class XI students at SMK Negeri Tapango, Polewali Mandar Regency. Data collection techniques used are observation techniques, note-taking techniques and recording techniques. Data analysis techniques by transcribing data from observations, identifying and clarifying data, copying into data cards, analyzing data cards and concluding. The results of this study indicate the number of utterances collected is 35 utterances. The politeness principles include: (1) maxim of wisdom as many as 6 utterances (2) maxim of generosity as much as 8 (3) maxim of appreciation as many as 3 utterances (4) maxim of simplicity as many as 2 utterances (5) maxim of consensus as many as 11 utterances and (6) maxim of sympathy as much as 5 utterances. The maxim that is widely used is the maxim of consensus. The maxim that is widely used is the maxim of consensus. This shows that the speaker and the interlocutor in the interaction maximize the compatibility of goals or opinions in interacting. While the maxim that is least used in the speech of the students of SMK Negeri Tapango is the maxim of simplicity.

This study aims to describe the internal conflicts of the main character, the internal conflicts of the supporting characters, and the differences between the internal conflicts of the main character and the supporting characters in Andrea Hirata's novel ‘Sang Pemimpi’ (The Dreamer). This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data sources found in the novel ‘Sang Pemimpi’ by Andrea Hirata. The data in this study are in the form of sentences found in the novel ‘Sang Pemimpi’. The research instrument used is the researcher himself, assisted by data cards. The data collection techniques used in this study are reading and recording techniques. The data analysis techniques used in this study were classification, description, and conclusion. The results of the study show that (1) the form of internal conflict experienced by the main character in the novel ‘Sang Pemimpi’ by Andrea Hirata is sadness, hope, anxiety, worry, anger, and a sense of loss, so the internal conflict experienced by the main character is more dominant in the form of avoidance-avoidance. (2) The forms of inner conflict experienced by the supporting characters in Andrea Hirata's novel ‘Sang Pemimpi’ are hope, anger, disappointment, and fear. Therefore, the inner conflict experienced by the supporting characters is more dominant in the avoidance-approach conflict. As for (3) the difference in the form of inner conflict between the main character and the supporting characters, the main character is more dominated by avoidance-avoidance conflict, while the supporting characters are more dominated by avoidance-approach conflict.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as treatment for major depression–analysis of the first technical data from a blind selection of active tDCS sessions