Abstract
Controlled cortical impact injury (CCI) is a widely used, clinically relevant model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of the present study was to assess the contribution of peroxynitrite formation in the pathophysiology of TBI in mice. To this purpose, we administered a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst, 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis (4‐sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato iron III chloride (FeTTPs) (100 mg/kg, i.p.) at 24 h after TBI. FeTTPs treatment significantly reduced (1) the degree of brain inflammation and tissue injury (histological score), (2) neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase activity), (3) NO production, (4) proinflammmaory cytokines expression, (5) nuclear factor (NF‐κB) translocation and IκB‐α degradation, (6) apoptosis. Moreover, treatment with FeTTPs resulted in a significant improvement in motor and cognitive recovery after CCI, as well as in marked reduction of lesion volumes. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrated that FeTTPs treatment reduces the development of inflammation and tissue injury associated with TBI.
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