Feto-Maternal Outcome in Preeclampsia and its Association with Maternal Body Mass Index (BMI) in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rajshahi

Abstract

Background: Obesity is associated with profound metabolic and physiological changes and an established risk factor for the adverse feto-maternal outcome for pregnant women. As the prevalence of obesity increasing day by day among pregnant women and there is a scarcity of related studies in Bangladesh context, this study aimed to find out the fetomaternal outcome in preeclamptic women and its association with maternal body mass index (BMI) in a tertiary care hospital in Rajshahi. Objectives: The aim of the study was to associate the fetomaternal outcome in preeclampsia and its association with maternal body mass index (BMI) in a tertiary care hospital in Rajshahi. Methods: This cross-sectional type of analytical study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH). Singleton pregnant women with preeclampsia who delivered a baby in this Hospital were approached for this study. After ethical clearance, a total of 120 patients were taken as study samples according to selection criteria. Informed written consent was obtained from each patient. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking and thorough physical examination. A structured questionnaire was designed including all the variables of interest. Data were collected through direct interview of the patients at the respective departments by the researcher. Collected data were checked, edited and analyzed using the SPSS-24. Results: The observed maternal outcome was PIH (33%), Gestational diabetes mellitus (20%), Caesarean section (46.7%), prolonged labour (13.3%), wound infection (5%) and 5% had postpartum hemorrhage (5%). PIH, Gestational diabetes mellitus and Caesarean section were significantly higher among overweight or obese patients with preeclampsia (p<.05). So, association of maternal BMI with PIH, gestational diabetes mellitus and Caesarean section was significant (P<.05) but not significant in prolonged labour, wound infection, postpartum .....