Fetal Outcome in Women of Pre-Eclampsia

Abstract

Background: Pre-eclampsia, a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure in pregnant women, presents significant health risks for both the mother and fetus. This study aimed to assess the impact of pre-eclampsia on fetal outcomes in the Pakistani population, recognizing the condition's high prevalence and its role in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To evaluate the fetal outcome in women with pre-eclampsia in the Pakistani population. Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College of Medicine and Dentistry Lahore, from January to June 2023. A total of 93 patients were enrolled to study the effects of pre-eclampsia on mothers and fetuses. Results: Among the 93 patients, the mean age was 37.59±6.37 years. The age distribution predominantly included women aged 31-35 years, followed by those in the 36-40 and 41-45 age groups. Severe pre-eclampsia was observed in 69.9% of patients, while 30.1% had mild pre-eclampsia. The fetal outcomes were as follows: 65.5% good, 12.9% stillbirth, and 21.5% neonatal death, with an insignificant P-value. Conclusion: The study concluded that the high prevalence of pre-eclampsia in the community is alarming, significantly increasing the risk of adverse outcomes for infant health and well-being. There is a critical need to educate women about the signs and symptoms of pre-eclampsia.