Fertilizers and Mixed Crop Cultivation of Chromium Tolerant and Sensitive Plants under Chromium Toxicity.

B Dheeba,K Kannan,P Sampathkumar

doi:10.1155/2015/367217

Abstract

Zea mays (maize) and Vigna radiata (green gram) are found to be the chromium (Cr) tolerant and sensitive plants, respectively. In the present paper, we investigate the reduction of the toxicity of Cr in the sensitive plants by the mixed crop cultivation in the field using various amendments. Further, the potassium dichromate was used as the source of hexavalent Cr. The results indicated that Cr adversely affects both the growth and yield of plants. The soil properties vary with Cr and different fertilizer amendments and the yield of both plants were affected by Cr. We conclude that metal accumulation of seeds of green gram was higher than corn and the application of single fertilizer either farm yard manure (FYM) or nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium (NPK) enhances the growth and yield of both the tolerant and sensitive plants in the mixed crop cultivations.

Highlights

In the present industrialized world, the toxic waste products are released to the environment at each and every moment
70% increase in TOM was noticed after farm yard manure (FYM) application (Table 1) and the organic C level of the soil is enhanced by the presentation of organic matter in the form of FYM which has both direct and indirect effects on soil properties
FYM increases the organic content of soil and subsequently the pH of soil owing to the discharge of humic substance is increased and humic acid is formed through decomposition. pH in river sand amended with FYM was increased [37]

Summary

Introduction

In the present industrialized world, the toxic waste products are released to the environment at each and every moment. Even after recycling and reusing, many of the chemicals find their way to the pollution of environment because of poor planning of waste disposal and treatment and the industrial sites and waste disposal sites are contaminated with many pollutants [1, 2]. Among these pollutants heavy metals constitute a major part and they severely affect all the compounds of ecosystem in the soil [3]. Cr is mainly used due to its properties such as resistance to corrosion, temperature, wear, and decay as well as strength, permanence, hygiene, hardness, and color in the many industries like electroplating, cement, dye, steel, leather tanning, wood, and so forth [4]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion