Abstract
Different tillage systems can affect the availability of phosphorus (P) by changing the soil environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and interaction of fertilizer placement, tillage, and varieties for soybean and corn. The experiment was established at two locations in Kansas in 2014. The experimental design was a factorial in a randomized complete block with four replications. Three fertilizer treatments were combined with two tillage systems and two varieties of soybean and corn selected based on contrasting root systems. Plant tissue samples were collected during the vegetative and reproductive stages to evaluate P concentration, P uptake, and dry matter. Significant differences were found in the parameters across locations for corn and soybean. Results suggest advantages for deep-band application for soybean and broadcast application for corn. Varieties responded differently in the parameters evaluated in this study.
Highlights
Phosphorus is considered a non-mobile nutrient in the soil compared with other macronutrients
Different tillage systems can affect the availability of phosphorus (P) by changing the soil environment
The experimental design was a factorial in a randomized complete block with four replications
Summary
Phosphorus is considered a non-mobile nutrient in the soil compared with other macronutrients. Different soil tillage systems can affect the availability of this nutrient in the soil. A no-till system consists of leaving the soil surface covered with residue to minimize erosion, conserve moisture, and improve nutrient cycling if associated with crop rotation. The residue that remains on the soil surface can cause a reduction in yield in some regions because of wetter and cooler soils at planting time, which can reduce nutrient uptake and crop growth. No-till can restrict root growth because of compaction that can reduce the ability of roots to explore the soil and result in less contact with available P (Havlin et al, 2014). Strip-till helps increase soil temperature and expand root growth and contact with the fertilizer or P in the soil
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