Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of fertility-sparing treatment on endometrial cancer (EC) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2.MethodsA total of 102 EC or AEH patients with obesity who received fertility-preserving therapy in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital were included in our study. All patients were followed up regularly. Clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, adverse events, and reproductive outcomes were collected and analyzed.ResultsA total of 88 (86.3%) patients achieved complete response (CR), 92.5% in AEH and 82.3% in EC, with 6 months (3–12 months) median CR time. High remission rates were found in patients who received gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa)-based regimen, were younger than 35 years old, and lost more than 10% of their weight. Fifteen (17.0%) women had developed recurrence with a median recurrence time of 26 (8–52) months. Patients who received GnRHa regimen, lost more than 10% weight, received maintenance therapy, or conceived during the follow-up period had a low probability of recurrence. Of the patients with CR, 57 women attempted to get pregnant and 16 (28.1%) patients became pregnant, 7 (12.3%) of them successfully delivered and 4 (7.0%) were in pregnancy, while 5 (8.8%) of them miscarried.ConclusionFor obese patients with EC and AEH, fertility-preserving treatment can still achieve a promising response. Weight loss of more than 10% has a positive influence on response, recurrence, as well as pregnancy rates. GnRHa could be an option for obese women due to less effect on weight gain compared to progestin therapy.

Highlights

  • Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common and an increasingly problematic gynecological cancer, whose incidence has gradually risen in recent years [1]

  • Forty-one (40.2%) women were treated with progestin regimen and 61 (59.8%) were treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) combination therapy

  • Patients who received the GnRHa regimen, lost more than 10% weight, received maintenance therapy, or conceived during the follow-up period had a low probability of recurrence

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Summary

Introduction

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common and an increasingly problematic gynecological cancer, whose incidence has gradually risen in recent years [1]. The standard treatment requires, at a minimum, a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, if indicated. This standard treatment results in a permanent loss of fertility while young patients have a strong desire to bear children. Conservative management for young patients has been applied and showed encouraging results on treatment and reproductive outcomes [3,4,5]. Factors such as obesity might be associated with the oncologic and reproductive outcomes [6]. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of fertility-preserving therapy in obese EC or AEH patients

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