Ferrous Sulfate (Fe2+) Had a Faster Effect Than Did Ferric Polymaltose (Fe3+) on Increased Oxidant Status in Children With Iron-deficiency Anemia

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the total oxidant and antioxidant effect of different oral iron preparations in children with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). A total of 65 children with IDA were randomized to receive 5 mg Fe/kg/d iron (II) sulfate (Fe(2+) group, n=33) or iron (III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex (Fe(3+) group, n=32); healthy controls (n=28) were also included in the study. Serum total thiol (-SH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and hematological profile were evaluated at the baseline and on day 8 and day 30 of the therapy. Serum TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher and total -SH and total antioxidant capacity levels were significantly lower in the study groups at the beginning of therapy than in the controls (P>0.001). In multivariate analysis, after controlling for multiple confounding factors, on days 8 and 30, serum TOS and OSI levels were not different in the Fe(3+) group, whereas they were significantly reduced in the Fe(2+) group (P≤0.033). Serum total oxidant status was significantly increased in children with IDA, and Fe(2+) was highly effective in correcting elevated oxidative status.