Abstract
A systematic investigation is presented for the magnetization dynamics in trilayer nanowires, consisting of two permalloy (${\mathrm{Ni}}_{80}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{20}$) layers separated by a nonmagnetic Ru spacer layer. The width of the wires ranges from 90 to 190 nm. By varying the Ru thickness between 0.7 and 2.0 nm, the interlayer coupling can be effectively controlled, modifying the corresponding magnetic ground state and the spin-wave dynamics. By contrast with previous work on coupled trilayer nanowires with larger widths (270 nm and more), the focus here is on nanowire arrays where the strong shape anisotropy competes with the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interactions and biquadratic exchange interactions across the Ru interface, as well as dipolar interactions and Zeeman energy. As a result, the spin-wave spectrum is found to be drastically modified. Ferromagnetic resonance and hysteresis loop measurements are reported over a wide range of applied magnetic fields, showing that the overall magnetization alignment between the permalloy layers may be parallel, antiparallel, or in a spin-flop state, depending on the overall interlayer coupling. The experimental results for different stripe widths are successfully analyzed using a microscopic dipole-dipole theory and micromagnetic simulations.
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