Abstract
The theory of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and spin-wave resonance (SWR) is presented for the general case of multiphase ferromagnets, and applied to nanocrystalline materials, where nanometre size ferromagnetic crystals are embedded in an amorphous ferromagnetic phase which has a different magnetization. The possible existence of spin-wave modes or interface localised modes is taken explicitly into account for the first time in mixed phases. The magnetic evolution of the nanocrystalline and amorphous phases in Fe 87Zr 6B 6Cu 1 glasses has been studied by FMR using the above theory. Resonance lines from the α-Fe nanocrystals, the surrounding amorphous phase and a disordered Fe-rich interface are observed and interpreted. At higher annealing temperatures further resonance lines appear as Fe–Zr and Fe–B hard magnetic phases precipitate from the amorphous matrix.
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