Ferromagnetic Ni Nanoparticle with Controlled Anisotropy: From Polyhedral to Planar Tetrapods

Abstract

Liquid phase syntheses mainly yield nanoparticles with compact shapes, such as spheres or cubes. However, controlling not only the size but also the shape of magnetic nanoparticles would enable a fine-tuning of their intrinsic properties, due to the shape anisotropy induced by long-range dipolar interactions. We report here a fairly simple approach based on the reduction of an amidinate complex in the presence of a mixture of long-chains acid and amine to yield ferromagnetic Ni nanoparticles. The formation of stable Ni complexes could be promoted in situ by increasing the acid concentration, thus allowing tuning of the final particle size. While amine could be used as a soft reducing agent, dihydrogen was essential to promote anisotropic shapes. Electron holography combined with micromagnetic simulations showed that the resulting shape anisotropy could impose complex magnetic configurations within planar tetrapods. Regarding the heating efficiency, which directly scales with the magnetic hysteresis loop area, maxima of 100W·g–1 were found for nanoplates and nanorods, opening promising perspectives for magnetically induced catalysis.