Ferritin Genes Overexpression in PBMC and a Rise in Exercise Performance as an Adaptive Response to Ischaemic Preconditioning in Young Men.

Jan Mieszkowski,Piotr Sawicki,Bartłomiej Niespodzinski,Jedrzej Antosiewicz,Magdalena Kochanowicz,Andrzej Kochanowicz,Katarzyna Anczykowska,Andzelika Borkowska,Agata Grzybkowska,Małgorzata Żychowska

doi:10.1155/2019/9576876

Abstract

Objectives The proposal of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute and ten-day ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) training procedure on the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), the ferritin H (FTH), ferritin L (FTL), and transferrin receptor 1 (TFRC) mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and anaerobic performance. Method 34 healthy men volunteers (aged 20.7 ± 1.22 years) participated in the study. The effects of bilateral upper limb IPC and sham controlled condition were assessed in two experimental protocols: (a) the influence of acute (one time) IPC based on an experimental crossover study design and (b) the influence of ten-day IPC training treatment based on a random group assignment. At the beginning and at the end of each experiment upper body WAnT was performed and blood samples were collected to assess gene expression via quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results No significant effect of one-time ischaemic preconditioning procedure was observed on upper body WAnT performance. Ten-day IPC training significantly increased upper limbs relative mean power (from 5.29 ± 0.50 to 5.79 ± 0.70 (W/kg), p < 0.05). One-time IPC caused significant decrease in FTH, FTL, and TFRC mRNA levels while 10 days of IPC resulted in significant increase of FTH and FTL mRNA (from 2 ∧254.2 to 2 ∧1678.6 (p = 0.01) for FTH and 2 ∧81.5 to 2 ∧923 (p = 0.01) for FTL) and decrease in TFRC mRNA. Conclusions Our findings suggest that ten-day IPC training intervention significantly affects upper limb relative peak power. The observed overexpression of FTH and FTL genes could be associated with adaptation response induced by prolonged IPC.

Highlights

Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) is a possible way of improving adaptation to ischaemic stress and increasing skeletal muscle performance
The characteristics of upper body Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) performance in all the participants for acute effect of IPC and ten-day IPC training intervention are summarised in Tables 2 and 3, respectively
Significantly higher relative peak power after ten-day IPC training was observed in the T-IPC group compared to the controlled group (CON) group

Summary

Introduction

Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) is a possible way of improving adaptation to ischaemic stress and increasing skeletal muscle performance. It has been shown that IPC leads to a higher resistance of skeletal muscle to the ischaemic conditions and exercise-induced muscle damage. IPC, when applied in sport, was shown to improve performance [1, 2]. The exact mechanism of how IPC induces these changes is still not well understood. According to Kolh [3] the protective actions of IPC are dependent on the type of organ and applied ischemic preconditioning protocol. It has been shown that IPC induces changes in genes expression. The changes in mRNA levels most commonly refer to genes associated with inflammation [4, 5], activation

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Conclusion