Abstract
A general class of reactions termed aromatic nucleophilic substitution (S_NAr) is central to organic syntheses, reaction mechanisms, and electron transfer processes. A textbook example is the following reaction which is generally considered as a two-step process, the addition of the nucleophile (a → b) and the elimination to form final products (b → c). However, if the processes of addition and elimination are concerted, the so-called σ-complex (b) becomes a transition state, similar in nature to S_N2 reactions.
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