Abstract
Vibrational dynamics of the retinal all-trans to 13-cis photoisomerization in channelrhodopsin-1 from Chlamydomonas augustae (CaChR1) was investigated by femtosecond visible pump mid-IR probe spectroscopy. After photoexcitation, the transient infrared absorption of C-C stretching modes was detected. The formation of the 13-cis photoproduct marker band at 1193 cm−1 was observed within the time resolution of 0.3 ps. We estimated the photoisomerization yield to (60 ± 6) %. We found additional time constants of (0.55 ± 0.05) ps and (6 ± 1) ps, assigned to cooling, and cooling processes with a back-reaction pathway. An additional bleaching band demonstrates the ground-state heterogeneity of retinal.
Highlights
Light excitation of rhodopsins lead to various functionalities like sensing, ion pumping and channeling across the biological membrane
We found additional time constants of (0.55 6 0.05) ps and (6 6 1) ps, assigned to cooling, and cooling processes with a back-reaction pathway
This finding strongly supports ground state heterogeneity of the retinal chromophore
Summary
Light excitation of rhodopsins lead to various functionalities like sensing, ion pumping and channeling across the biological membrane. Channelrhodopsins (ChR) are the only light-gated ion channels in nature found so far They are located in the eyespot of green algae to mediate phototaxis. In these days, channelrhodopsins are used in the vibrant field of optogenetics where the protein is used to elicit action potentials in nerve cells by light. ChR have been applied to unravel neuronal connectivity and to manipulate behavior in ChR-expressing animals like worms and rodents.. ChR have been applied to unravel neuronal connectivity and to manipulate behavior in ChR-expressing animals like worms and rodents.3,4 Due to their application in living organisms, the detailed understanding of the molecular mechanism after light excitation is of high interest ChR have been applied to unravel neuronal connectivity and to manipulate behavior in ChR-expressing animals like worms and rodents. Due to their application in living organisms, the detailed understanding of the molecular mechanism after light excitation is of high interest
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