Femoroacetabular Impingement of the Hip Joint – Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: In patients with painful hip joint, femoroacetabular impingement is a relatively frequently diagnosed condition. Study aim: The aim of the study was to present the anatomy, biomechanics and pathomechanism of femoroacetabular impingement, surgical diagnostics and treatment, as well as physiotherapeutic procedures, and to provide answers to the following questions: 1. What are the causes of femoroacetabular impingement development and what is its most common form? 2. What are the clinical and imaging diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement based on? 3. What are the goals of physiotherapeutic treatment in the treatment of patients with postoperative femoroacetabular impingement? Material and method: Current professional literature was analysed based on a review of Internet databases, including Pubmed and Google Scholar. Results: From the abovementioned Internet databases, 30 items from the current profession-al literature on the analysed variables were identified. Conclusions: The reasons for the development of femoroacetabular impingement are com-plex, including developmental disorders of the hip joint or its chronic overload. Its most common form is mixed type. The basic imaging test used is anterior-posterior X-ray, while clinical assessment is based on anterior-posterior impingement test. Physiotherapy should be individually tailored and focused on improving range of motion and muscle strength of the hip joint.