Abstract
The formation of linear adatom clusters on metal surfaces has been studied by FEM for the first time. The following two cases were found : 1) When the Nb (or Ta) tip covered by Cu is heated at ~ 600°C, parallel linear clusters oriented along the [001] direction are formed on the {110} planes. The clusters thus formed are very stable up to ~ 700°C. 2) When Ti is evaporated onto a Re tip at ~ 90°C, adatoms on a (10[MATH]0) plane tend to form a linear cluster lining up along the [001] direction i.e., across close-packed atomic rows with troughs. This cluster is stable up to ~ 150°C under the viewing electric field, but breaks up into several spots with the field-off even at ~ 90°C. By the iterative field-off at a constant temperature between 150 and 160°C, each spot moves randomly along the troughs, which clearly indicates that observed spots are images of single adatoms - not clusters.
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