Abstract
Feline morbillivirus (FeMV) was first isolated in stray cats in Hong Kong in 2012. Since its discovery, the virus has been reported in domestic cats worldwide, including in Hong Kong, Japan, Italy, US, Brazil, Turkey, UK, Germany, and Malaysia. FeMV is classified in the Morbillivirus genus within the Paramyxoviridae family. FeMV research has focused primarily on determining the host range, symptoms, and characteristics of persistent infections in vitro. Importantly, there is a potential association between FeMV infection and feline kidney diseases, such as tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD), which are known to significantly affect feline health and survival. However, the tropism and viral entry mechanism(s) of FeMV remain unknown. In this review, we summarize the FeMV studies up to date, including the discoveries of various FeMV strains, basic virology, pathogenicity, and disease signs.
Highlights
Feline morbillivirus (FeMV) Belongs to Family ParamyxoviridaeParamyxoviruses are enveloped, non-segmented, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses [1,2]
Serum binding to canine distemper virus (CDV) N, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay to test cross-reactivity between CDV P and FeMV P, and an reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay using the RNA extracted from CDV-infected Vero cells [33,37,38]
Cats are among the most common household pets. Feline kidney diseases such as tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD)
Summary
Paramyxoviruses are enveloped, non-segmented, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses [1,2]. They infect a large variety of mammalian hosts, such as humans, mice, pandas, hyenas, whales, bats, rats, dogs, and cats, as well as non-mammalian hosts, such as birds and reptiles [1,3,4,5,6,7]. Viral attachment and entry into target cells depend on two surface glycoproteins, the fusion (F) and the attachment protein involved in virus particle assembly and budding [20,21]. The two surface glycoproteins undergo conformational changes in viral This process facilitates fusionmembrane of viral and host cell membranes andinviral into host andentry. Process facilitates fusion of viral and host cell membranes and viral entry into host cells [27,28]
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