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Abstract
Obesity has reached pandemic levels, being a major concern of health. Overweight and obesity are the precursors for metabolic disturbances in the body. Probiotics and prebiotics administrations have shown to reduce the characteristics of obesity-induced metabolic syndrome in animals. The present study examined the effects of dietary supplementation of soybean meal and Bifidobacterium longum (BB536) singly and in combination on obesity-related traits in obese Zucker rats. Control group rats were fed with AIN93-M diet and treatment groups were fed with soybean meal (5 % or 10%) and Bifidobacterium longum (0.1%) in single and combinations for 100 days. Weight gain, feed intake, and % of fat in liver were recorded. Serum biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin and glucose were analyzed. Activities of liver enzymatic markers (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) were determined. Dietary supplementation of soymeal at 10% with B. longum reduced the weight gain by 30% and liver fat content by 35%. Feeding Bifidobacterium longum alone did not have any effect in analyzing serum biochemical parameters and activity of liver enzymatic markers. Serum glucose and insulin levels in rats were lowered by 18% - 24% and 22% - 25% respectively when fed with administration of combinational feeding of soymeal at 5% and 10% with Bifidobacterium longum. Hepatic enzyme activity was reduced by 1.3 fold with the combinational diet at higher concentration (soy 10%). The present study provides evidence that supplementation with soymeal with probiotic, B. longum attenuates the metabolic disorders induced by obesity in obese Zucker rats.
Highlights
Obesity is a major emerging health problem worldwide causing major negative effects
Individuals with body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2 are in risk for developing obesity-related complications and obesity
The present study was conducted to evaluate the single and combinational effect of soybean and B. longum against obesity induced traits associated with metabolic syndrome in Zucker rats
Summary
In the US, more than 35.7% people aged 20 years and above are obese and 16.9% children and adolescents between 2 - 19 years are obese [1]. Obesity results from a positive energy balance and accumulation fat cells. Individuals with body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2 are in risk for developing obesity-related complications and obesity. People with BMI of 25 - 29.9 kg/m2 are considered overweight and those with BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 are obese. Diagnosis of obesity will be based on BMI, waist circumference and over health condition and obesity-related complications. Fat accumulation in the adipose tissue triggers a chronic low grade inflammation and proceeds to metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a condition consisting of three or more of the following factors: dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, overweight and glucose intolerance concurrently [2]. These factors may lead to other chronic diseases such as type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and various types of cancer
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