Feeding preferences and grazing rates of Pfiesteria piscicida and a cryptoperidiniopsoid preying on fish blood cells and algal prey

Abstract

The grazing rates and feeding preferences of the dinoflagellates Pfiesteria piscicida and a cryptoperidiniopsoid on the alga Rhodomonas sp. and fish blood cells were calculated at different ratios of the two food types and at different total food densities. Data from 6 h grazing periods within microcosms were used to calculate grazing rates. Grazing rates of both dinoflagellates increased linearly with an increased ratio of blood cells to Rhodomonas, and P. piscicida had a higher maximum grazing rate than the cryptoperidiniopsoid. The grazing rate of P. piscicida on Rhodomonas also increased with increased Rhodomonas densities relative to the blood cells, but increased densities of Rhodomonas did not increase the grazing rate of the cryptoperidiniopsoid, suggesting a lower feeding threshold for this species. Both dinoflagellates demonstrated a preference for fish blood cells over Rhodomonas cells, with no significant difference in the index of preference between the two species. Total food abundance affected the degree of preference differently for each dinoflagellate species. A higher index of feeding preference was attained by P. piscicida when resource levels were high, while the cryptoperidiniopsoid did not show this response. A preference for fish blood cells occurred at all food ratios for both dinoflagellates, including when blood cells were scarce relative to the alternate food type (15% of total available food). These results suggest that these strains of P. piscicida and the cryptoperidiniopsoid share similar feeding preferences for the prey types tested, although cryptoperidiniopsoids have not been associated with fish kills.