Feeding preference of Plutella xylostella for leaves treated with plant extracts

IRYS F.S. COUTO,FABRÍCIO F. PEREIRA,ROSILDA M. MUSSURY,MATEUS L. FUCHS,SILVANA P.Q. SCALON,DAIANE M. DRESCH,MUNIR MAUAD

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201620150236

IRYS F.S. COUTO, FABRÍCIO F. PEREIRA + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150236

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Abstract

Plutella xylostella L. is one of the main agents to cause damages to plants of Brassica genus, provoking negative impacts in cultures. The use of botanical extracts in plants protection has been related in literature, however, their use in the species analyzed in this study is not yet reported. We assessed the effect of aqueous and methanolic extracts of the species: Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Pink Pepper), Annona coriacea Mart. (Araticum), Duguetia furfuracea (A. St.-Hil.) Benth. & Hook. (Pindaúva do campo) and Trichilia silvatica C. DC. (Catiguá-branco), occuring in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and whose feeding preference of P. xylostella larvae of 3rd instar. We intend to answer the following questions: (1) Are the plant species analyzed fagodeterrentes? (2) what type of extract produces the least food preferrence? To answer these questions, we treated cabbage disks with aqueous extracts stored in a refrigerator in periods of 0, 7, 14 and 21 days and the methanolic extracts were treated at concentrations of 0.5 mg/mL, 1.0 mg/mL, 2.0mg/mL. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of T. silvatica presented the lowest values of feeding preference, 0.113 and 0.06, respectively, compared to other extracts.

Highlights

The wide-scale use of agrotoxic compounds and synthetic insecticides highlights the need to develop new technologies that will minimize their usage
For S. terebinthifolius, there was a gradual decrease in the preference index (PI) during the experimental period, with the aqueous extract acting as a phagostimulant with a PI greater than 1 (1.16) at period 0, and this number reduced by half (0.56) after 21 days
The aqueous extract of T. silvatica after 21 days had greater PI values when compared to days 7 and 14

Summary

Introduction

The wide-scale use of agrotoxic compounds and synthetic insecticides highlights the need to develop new technologies that will minimize their usage. For the control of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) the unselective use of synthetic insecticides has been reported (Boiça Júnior et al 2005), and has led to the emergence of resistant populations (Talekar and Shelton 1993, Furlong et al 2013). Previous studies have analyzed plant species and brassica cultivars that are resistant to insects (Sarfraz et al 2010, Niu et al 2014), and the contents of their aqueous and ethanolic extracts, which interfere with insect feeding and development (Trindade et al 2008, Bandeira et al 2013, Boiça Júnior et al 2013)

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