Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the association between the sociodemographic and clinical aspects of the caregiver and the child, the family’s ability to prepare and administer milk and complementary feeding of children exposed to HIV. Methods: cross-sectional study performed with 72 caregivers, in Brazil, through the tool of sociodemographic and clinical characterization of the caregiver and the Capability to Care for HIV-Exposed Children Assessment Scale. Results: there was a high capability to feed (76.6%), both for milk (85.0%) and comple-mentary (65%) feeding. For the milk feeding, accessing the health unit in any situation (p=0.003), having other child exposed to HIV (p=0.013), maintaining the follow-up in the health service (p=0.048) and not consuming alcohol (p=0.045) influenced on the higher probability of the caregiver to present high capability, while residing in the peri-urban area (p=0.002) indicated moderate capability. For the complementary feeding, the higher the schooling (p=0.025), the number of appointments scheduled for the child (p=0.045) and the child being followed up in the health service (p=0.035), the higher the probability of obtaining high capability. Conclusions: the exposure of social and clinical factors of caregivers influences the ability to feed. To ensure adequate nutrition, it is necessary for the health services to be able to consider the geo-socio-cultural characteristics of families in the elaboration of guidelines.
Highlights
Brazil is considered a worldwide reference in the control of the HIV epidemic, due to the quality of public policies and universal and free access to prophylaxis and treatment of infection
The characterization of the type of milk feeding indicates the predominance of infant formula in 58.3% (n=42), followed by cow's milk in 37.5% (n=27)
Regarding the variables of caregivers, having other children exposed to HIV had statistical significance (p=0.013) for the high capability to prepare and administer milk feeding (Table 4)
Summary
Brazil is considered a worldwide reference in the control of the HIV epidemic, due to the quality of public policies and universal and free access to prophylaxis and treatment of infection. In the case of vertical transmission (VT), when the prophylactic measures are applied, rates are lower than 2%.1. These measures consist of a quick test for all pregnant women, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and specialized monitoring. In spite of prenatal failures,[3] the rate of detection of AIDS in children under 5, an indicator used to monitor HIV VT in Brazil, decreased by 42.7% between 2006 and 2015.1 The practice of breastfeeding accounts for 30 to 50% of cases of VT and reduces the positive impact of the prevention interventions performed during pregnancy and delivery. In places deprived of resources, where sanitary conditions are precarious and access to infant formula is restricted by the high cost, as in the case of Africa, there is a predominance of exclusive breastfeeding.[6]
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