FEEDING HABITS OF THE NORTHERNERS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Abstract

Geopolitical strategy of the state is aimed at the development of the Northern regions of the country, so one of the most important tasks of modern medicine is the preservation of health and working capacity of the population in extreme environmental conditions. Human activity in the North is associated with certain negative climatic and geophysical factors (prevailing negative air temperature, a sudden drop of the air-pressure, instability of the magnetosphere, natural photoperiodism, etc.), adaptation to which is achieved at the cost of significant morphofunctional stress. Long-term residence in such conditions leads to an increase in functional loads on the body, resulting in a risk of disruption and loss of health. The objective health indicators of northerners are worse than those of the residents of the more southern regions. Preservation of health in a harsh climate is only possible with adequate and balanced nutrition. In this regard, the urgent task is the creation of functional foods for the northerners, which due to fortification with necessary but insufficient or scarce in high latitudes components will ensure the normal course of the most physiological processes in the body and pathology prevention. These ingredients include vitamins; micro- and macronutrients; fats and polyunsaturated fatty acids, structured lipids; dietary fiber (pectin), etc. Taking into account the existence of four main population groups in the North, it is advisable to create functional products for each of them.