Feeding broiler chickens wheat and barley diets containing whole, ground and pelleted grain

Abstract

The effect of grain form (whole, mash, or pelleted) on the live performance of broiler chickens was determined. In the first trial, six regimens compared the feeding of whole wheat: 1) 0% of diet for the whole trial (0 to 48 d); 2) 5% at 6 d, 20% at 13 d, 35% at 27 d; 3) 5% at 6 d, 35% at 13 d, 50% at 27 d; 4) 5% at 0 d, 20% at 6 d, 35% at 13 d, 50% at 27 d; 5) 5% at 6 d, 50% at 13 d, 65% at 27 d; and 6) 5% at 0 d, 20% at 6 d, 50% at 13 d, 65% at 27d. Each feeding regimen was replicated with steam-pelleted and mash supplements. None of the feed was diluted. The second trial was similar, except that whole barley was fed instead of whole wheat. Feeding mash supplements slowed growth at all ages and lowered mortality caused by sudden death syndrome and ascites plus right heart failure. Cumulative feed:gain was increased by feeding mash supplements in Trial 1. Total weight gain was unaffected by feeding whole wheat but was decreased by most levels of whole barley. Whole-grain diets increased cumulative feed:gain. Feeding whole wheat decreased skeletal problems. Whole-grain diets increased gizzard size but did not alter carcass yield. Feeding whole-grain and mash supplements caused at least a temporary loss in growth rate and feed efficiency but in some cases improved bird health.