Abstract
The present study was conducted to elucidate the effects of light and dark condition on the feeding activity of shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Examination on the ingestion rate of shrimps at different sizes (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 cm total length, TL) under light and dark condition was conducted using newly hatched frozen Artemia nauplii. For each condition, shrimp were let to ingest known number of Artemia nauplii for 30 minutes, thereafter the remaining Artemia nauplii was counted. For the observation of eye structures under light and dark conditions, 1.0 cm TL shrimps were preserved in Bouin’s solution for histological observation. Another feeding trial was conducted to examine the growth performance and survival of shrimps (initial size 1.0± cm, TL) under different photoperiod regimes (24 hours dark: 24D, 24 hours light: 24L and 12 hours light and dark: 12LD) for three weeks. Results showed that, the 0.5cm TL shrimp significantly ingested more Artemia nauplii under light condition compared to dark condition (P = 0.000). The 1.0 and 1.5 cm TL shrimps consumed Artemia naulplii equally under both conditions. The shrimp attained a complete eye structure which can be differentiated into crystalline cone, clear zone, rhabdom and fasciculated zone at 1.0cm TL. This study also showed that growth (P = 0.557) and survival (P = 0.686) of shrimps did not vary significantly among different photoperiod. This study suggests that the feeding activity of the smallest shrimp (0.5 cm TL) is affected by light condition. However, feeding activity, growth and survival of bigger sized shrimp (> 1.0 cm TL) were not affected by light and photoperiod regimes.
Highlights
The Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei is originated from the Western Pacific coast of Latin America stretching from the south of Peru to the north of Mexico (Briggs, Smith, Subasinghe, & Philip, 2004)
The 0.5cm total length (TL) shrimp significantly ingested more Artemia nauplii under light condition compared to dark condition (P = 0.000)
Smallest sized shrimp (0.5 cm TL) significantly ingested more frozen Artemia nauplii under light condition compared to dark condition (P = 0.000)
Summary
The Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei is originated from the Western Pacific coast of Latin America stretching from the south of Peru to the north of Mexico (Briggs, Smith, Subasinghe, & Philip, 2004). This species was introduced commercially into China and Taiwan in 1996 and other coastal Asian countries started to culture this species in early 2000 (Briggs et al, 2004). In some species of crustacean such as the rock lobster Jasus edwardsii, the size and shape of the rhabdom are affected by dark or light adaptation (Meyer-Rochow, 2001). The position of the screening pigment granules were changed, as in light condition the screening pigment granules insulating the rhabdom www.ccsenet.org/jas
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