Feedback control of quantum entanglement in a two-spin system

Abstract

A pair of spins is the most simple quantum system that can possess entanglement, a non-classical property playing an essential role in quantum information technologies. In this paper, feedback control problems of the two-spin system conditioned on a continuous measurement are considered. In order to make some useful formulas in stochastic control theory directly applicable, we first derive a two-dimensional description of the system. We then prove that a feedback controller stabilizes an entangled state of the two spins almost globally with probability one. Furthermore, it is shown that another entangled state, which corresponds to a non-equilibrium point of the dynamics, is stabilized via feedback in the sense that the expectation of the distance from the target can be made arbitrarily small.