Abstract
ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different feed types on the fatty acid profiles of golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Three feed types (pelleted feed, frozen squid and frozen fish) were assigned to triplicate groups of fish (146.22 ± 3.26 g) in a total of 9 floating cages (50 fish per cage). Analysis of the fatty acid profiles of the three feed types revealed that frozen squid had the highest levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), while the pelleted feed and frozen fish had lower levels of LC-PUFA, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). After three months of being fed a specific feed type, the fatty acid profiles of golden pompano muscle tissues were analysed. The highest levels of LC-PUFA were detected in fish fed with frozen squid. Golden pompano fed with frozen fish had intermediate levels of LC-PUFA content. The results suggest that the fatty acid composition of prey items can significantly affect the muscle fatty acid composition of the consumer. Muscle fatty acid composition could also be used as an indicator of diet type for golden pompano in the aquaculture industry.
Highlights
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), are essential nutrients which play a number of crucial structural, functional and signalling roles (Ruxton et al 2007; Morais et al 2015)
long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) cannot be synthesized de novo by vertebrates including humans as they lack the fatty acid desaturase enzymes required for the production of linoleate (LA; 18:2n-6) and linolenate (ALA; 18:3n-3) from oleic acid (18:1n-9), which must be obtained from the diet (Wallis et al 2002; Zheng et al 2004)
Frozen squid was found to contain the highest levels of all LC-PUFA, in particular EPA and DHA, but had low levels of LA and ALA
Summary
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), are essential nutrients which play a number of crucial structural, functional and signalling roles (Ruxton et al 2007; Morais et al 2015). These LC-PUFAs are components of biomembranes, important precursors for eicosanoids, ligands of transcription factors, bioactive molecules and function as messengers in cellular pathways (Jump 2002; Marsh 2008; Morais et al 2015). The fatty acid composition of fish can be regulated by species, environment (salinity, temperature, season and habitat) (Leaver et al 2008; Kuah et al 2015; Taşbozan et al 2015) and by the fatty acid content and composition of their prey (Li et al 2008; Monroig et al 2010; Santigosa et al 2011)
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