Abstract
Multimodal travel planning services allow travelers to plan their journey by combining different transport modes: air, rail, waterborne, coach, public transport, demand responsive transport, walking, cycling, etc. The European Union is fostering the development of cross-border multimodal planning services by establishing a regulation framework for their coordinated and coherent deployment across Member States (under the Directive 2010/40/EU). This EU regulation gives precise requirements on travel data formats (DATEX II, SIRI, NeTEx, etc.) and on fundamental and recommended system-level services, such as discovery and linking services. However, it does not (yet) pose constraints on how to implement them. In this paper, we devise and test a system architecture, named Bonvoyage, which proposes an innovative solution implementing such services. For discovery purposes, it federates nation-wide NoSQL databases that contain travel information by exploiting a novel telecommunication paradigm, Information Centric Networking. As regards linking purposes, it orchestrates the use of autonomous monomodal or multimodal routing services provided by small/big stakeholders to compose the best door-to-door journey.
Highlights
The ever growing mobility of citizens and goods is making Intelligent Transport Systems (ITSs) a must-have for modern cities and countries
Each query aims at finding travel data sources whose GTFS has at least a stop located in a squared discovery area, randomly centered in Europe, and not related to the area covered by the National Access Points (NAP), to simulate that each NAP provides access to the whole data set
The study in [25] widely describes possible deployments of EU-wide multimodal travel information services compliant with EU regulation. Regarding linking services they consider three approaches: centralized, where every data is stored in a central server that provides routing services; distributed, where a network of journey planners “sequentially” collaborate to compute a door-to-door journey; a first planner computes the journeys from the origin to several handover points, asks a second journey planner to compute journeys on from those handover points to the destination point and the second planner decomposes the computation as the first one, and so forth; hybrid, where a high-level multimodal journey planner supports planning between trunk destinations such as stations, airports or town centres, and provides further access to low-level multimodal journey planners, to provide the path from the trunk destinations to initial/final destinations
Summary
The ever growing mobility of citizens and goods is making Intelligent Transport Systems (ITSs) a must-have for modern cities and countries. ITSs have a complex architecture that ties transportation, communication and computing worlds together into specific applications. These applications were mostly focused on making more efficient and safe the use of roads, reducing for instance traffic congestion and accidents [4]. This objective is still central for ITSs, as evidenced by much research and many developments that have brought connected and automated vehicles closer than ever to being part of our everyday life
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