Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are major products of the microbial fermentation of dietary fiber in the colon. Recent studies suggest that these products of microbial metabolism in the gut act as signaling molecules, influence host energy homeostasis and play major immunological roles. In the present study, defined the long-term effects of ceftriaxone administration on the fecal SCFAs concentration in Wistar rats. Ceftriaxone (300 mg/kg, i.m.) was administered daily for 14 days. Rats were euthanized in 1, 15 and 56 days after ceftriaxone withdrawal. Caecal weight and fecal concentration of SCFAs by gas chromatography were measured. Ceftriaxone administration induced time-dependent rats’ caecal enlargement through accumulation of undigestable substances. In 1 day after ceftriaxone withdrawal, the concentrations of acetic, propionic, butyric acids and total SCFAs were decreased 2.9-, 13.8-, 8.5-, 4.8-fold (P < 0.05), respectively. Concentration of valeric, isovaleric and caproic acids was below the detectable level. That was accompanied by decreased 4.3-fold anaerobic index and increased the relative amount of acetic acid (P < 0.05). In 56 days, concentration of SCFAs was still below control value but higher than in 1 day (except propionic acid). Anaerobic index was lower 1.3-fold (P < 0.05) vs. control. Conclusion: antibiotic therapy induced long-term disturbance in colonic microbiota metabolic activity.
Highlights
The interchange of low molecular weight metabolites between gut microorganisms and macroorganism have attracted a lot of attention during last years [1,2,3]
Colonocytes from germ-free mice are in an energy-deprived state and exhibit decreased expression of enzymes that catalyze key steps in intermediary metabolism including the tricarboxylic acid cycle
When butyrate is added to germ-free colonocytes, it rescues their deficit in mitochondrial respiration and prevents them from undergoing autophagy [6]
Summary
The interchange of low molecular weight metabolites between gut microorganisms and macroorganism have attracted a lot of attention during last years [1,2,3]. The total maximum concentration of SCFAs decreases from 70 to. These metabolites, especially butyrate, serve as an important source of energy for the intestinal epithelial cells, providing about 60-70% of their energy demand. When butyrate is added to germ-free colonocytes, it rescues their deficit in mitochondrial respiration and prevents them from undergoing autophagy [6]. They play major immunological roles both systemically and locally in the gut. This pathway involves the activation of SCFA-bin ding G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The aim of this work was to determine the fecal SCFAs level at different time points after 14-day administration of cephalosporin antibiotic ceftriaxone in Wistar rats
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