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Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether probiotic recovery is affected when consumed together with antibiotics. Fecal samples were collected from an earlier antibiotic associated diarrhea, randomized, placebo-controlled study with a product consisting of a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37, and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07, B. lactis Bl-04 at equal numbers and at a total dose of 1010 CFU. Fecal samples were collected during the screening visit (T0), i.e., at the time of antibiotic prescription, and then on the last day of the antibiotic treatment (T1) as well as seven days after the subject had stopped taking the antibiotic treatment (T2) and at two weeks after completing antibiotic treatment and one week after probiotic/placebo consumption stopped (T3). Samples were analyzed for the presence of the four administered strains. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01596829. Detection levels of all four strains were significantly increased from T0 to T1 and returned to baseline level from T2 to T3. There were also significantly more subjects with detectable levels of L. paracasei Lpc-37, B. lactis Bi-07, and B. lactis Bl-04 at T1 and T2 compared to T0 and T3, and compared to placebo. Each of the four strains could be detected in the feces of patients apparently unaffected by the simultaneous consumption of antibiotics.
Highlights
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is one of the most frequently encountered adverse effects following antibiotic administration and is the leading cause of diarrhea in hospitalized patients [1].It is a major public health concern and represents an important source of morbidity and mortality.The incidence of AAD, as reported in the literature, ranges between 5% and 39% [2,3] and varies according to individual susceptibility, the environment in which the patient resides, the regimen of antibiotic use and the family of antibiotics administered
Probiotics have been shown to be effective in reducing the risk for AAD and other side effects associated with antibiotic use [5]
There was an increase in detected L. acidophilus NCFM, L. paracasei Lpc-37, In the probiotic group, there was an increase in detected L. acidophilus NCFM, L. paracasei LpcB. lactis Bi-07, and B. lactis Bl-04 counts over time from baseline (T0) to end of antibiotic treatment (T1)
Summary
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is one of the most frequently encountered adverse effects following antibiotic administration and is the leading cause of diarrhea in hospitalized patients [1].It is a major public health concern and represents an important source of morbidity and mortality.The incidence of AAD, as reported in the literature, ranges between 5% and 39% [2,3] and varies according to individual susceptibility, the environment in which the patient resides, the regimen of antibiotic use (dose, duration) and the family of antibiotics administered. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is one of the most frequently encountered adverse effects following antibiotic administration and is the leading cause of diarrhea in hospitalized patients [1]. It is a major public health concern and represents an important source of morbidity and mortality. Probiotics have been shown to be effective in reducing the risk for AAD and other side effects associated with antibiotic use [5]. The probiotic product has earlier been shown to reduce the incidence and duration of AAD [6]. The study aimed to recruit 400 patients but was terminated when 258 patients were enrolled due to the low incidence of AAD
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