Abstract
Over the past decade, short non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), including circulating and fecal miRNAs have emerged as important modulators of various cellular processes by regulating the expression of target genes. Recent studies revealed the role of miRNAs as powerful biomarkers in disease diagnosis and for the development of innovative therapeutic applications in several human conditions, including intestinal diseases. In this review, we explored the literature and summarized the role of identified dysregulated fecal miRNAs in intestinal diseases, with particular focus on colorectal cancer (CRC) and celiac disease (CD). The aim of this review is to highlight one fascinating aspect of fecal miRNA function related to gut microbiota shaping and bacterial metabolism influencing. The role of miRNAs as “messenger” molecules for inter kingdom communications will be analyzed to highlight their role in the complex host-bacteria interactions. Moreover, whether fecal miRNAs could open up new perspectives to develop novel suitable biomarkers for disease detection and innovative therapeutic approaches to restore microbiota balance will be discussed.
Highlights
Communication molecules are necessary for “cohabitation” of bacterial and eukaryotic cells in the human body
It is known that bacteria express a wide array of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), approximately 50–400 nt in length, known as microRNA-size small RNAs or generally bacterial-derived small RNA that are principally involved in the regulation of several physiological processes inside the bacterial cell [13,14]
Focusing on colorectal cancer (CRC) and celiac disease (CD), we summarize the most important deregulated miRNAs and fecal-derived miRNAs associated to these intestinal diseases with the contribution of intestinal microbiota
Summary
Communication molecules are necessary for “cohabitation” of bacterial and eukaryotic cells in the human body. Communication occurs through small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), regulator molecules that can modulate gene expression. It has been estimated that more than 60% of human protein-coding genes harbor predicted targets of miRNAs [19], and more than 30% of human genes have conserved miRNA binding sites in their 30 UTR [20]. Circulating miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in several human diseases These findings began to make us understand how cells use miRNAs as communication molecules in the sophisticated dialogue among them. Due to their modulating function, circulating and fecal miRNAs have emerged as a powerful tool for disease diagnosis and the development of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies. The role of miRNAs as “messenger” molecules for inter kingdom communications will be analyzed to add novel elements in deciphering the complex host-bacteria interactions
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
