Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) ranks one of the five most lethal malignant tumors both in China and worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment of CRC could substantially increase the survival rate. Emerging evidence has revealed the importance of gut microbiome on CRC, thus fecal microbial community could be termed as a potential screen for non-invasive diagnosis. Importantly, few numbers of bacteria genus as non-invasive biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity causing less cost would be benefitted more in clinical compared with the whole microbial community analysis. Here we analyzed the gut microbiome between CRC patients and healthy people using 16s rRNA sequencing showing the divergence of microbial composition between case and control. Furthermore, ExtraTrees classifier was performed for the classification of CRC gut microbiome and heathy control, and 13 bacteria were screened as biomarkers for CRC. In addition, 13 biomarkers including 12 bacteria genera and FOBT showed an outstanding sensitivity and specificity for discrimination of CRC patients from healthy controls. This method could be used as a non-invasive method for CRC early diagnosis.
Highlights
As one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in the world among men and second among women, affecting more than 1.36 million people every year [1]
The Gut Microbiome Is Dysbiotic in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Patients
When microbiota composition between CRC and healthy gut was compared, beta-diversity exhibited difference between two groups (p = 0.001) (Figures 1C, D). These results suggested dysbiosis in the gut microbiome of CRC patients
Summary
As one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in the world among men and second among women, affecting more than 1.36 million people every year [1]. It has been estimated that >95% of colorectal cancer (CRC) would benefit from curative surgery if diagnosed at earlier or intermediate stages [3,4,5,6]. Early detection is of vital importance for improving the survival of CRC patients. Fecal occult-blood testing (FOBT) and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) test are non-invasive methods; they are compromised by its low specificity [9,10,11,12,13].
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