FEATURES OF TREMATODE INFECTION IN PASTURE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF LOWLAND DAGESTAN

Abstract

In the lowland of Dagestan, sheep are infected with 5 species of trematodes – Fasciola hepatica (L., 1758), Fasciola gigantica (Cobbold, 1856), Dicrocoelium lanceatum (Stiles et Hassal, 1896), Paramphistomum cervi (Zeder, 1990), Calicophoron calicophorum (Fischoeder, 1901). The total infection of sheep with trematodas varies the extensity of invasion (EI) 56.0–76.0%, with the intensity of invasion (II) 2–2360 species. The sheep are intensely infected with fascioles on low-lying wetlands, with paramphistomatids on pastures of the lower reaches of the Sulak, Terek, Talovka, lakes Temirgoe, Achikol, and with Dicrocoelium in areas where flat steppes. Sheep are limited to trematodes invaded by salt marshes and desert lands, EI 1.6–6.6%, II 2–28 species. Sheep are intensively infected with these pathogens in the spring-summer-autumn time, when intermediate, additional hosts and the formation of parthenogenetic stages in them to adoleskarii, metacercarii are active in the biotopes between the rivers Sulak and Terek. Infection with Adolescaria fascial and Paramphistomum occurs in winter when they are snowless. Adolescaria are formed on water plants, on water surface, near sources of water. The lush greenery around the watering holes always attracts animals. In these areas, there is always a high risk of infection of sheep with fascioles, paramphistomatids.